g*******y
发帖数: 202 | 1 http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2013-12-04/073128881856.shtml
拜登称美日将统对华步调
据参考消息12月4日报道，【路透社东京12月3日电】美国副总统乔-拜登呼吁日本
和中国设法缓解因北京宣布在东海争议岛屿设立防空区而迅速升级的紧张局势，并重申
，北京的这一举动令华盛顿“深为担忧”。他说，将在与中国领导人会面时直接提出美
国的担忧。
拜登与日本首相安倍晋三举行会谈后共同出席了记者会。安倍在记者会上说：“我
们(与美国)达成共识，不会容忍任何威胁民用航空器的举动。”
据共同社报道，一名随拜登出访的高级官员对记者说，华盛顿还呼吁中国不要在事
先未与相关国家商议的情况下在南海划设防空区。北京与东南亚诸国正在南海主权问题
上争执不下。
拜登还说，华盛顿对“重返亚洲”战略“坚定不移”，这打消了日本和亚洲其他国
家和地区的疑虑。考虑到美国的财政困境、对中东的关注和国内党派纷争，它们对美国
是否有精力实施这项战略一直心存疑虑。
【共同社东京12月3日电】美国副总统拜登3日上午与日本副首相麻生太郎、自民党
干事长石破茂、民主党代表海江田万里等会谈，就中国划设涵盖尖阁诸岛(即我钓鱼岛
及其附属岛屿)周边的东海防空识别区称，“这是试图改变现状的行为，美国无法认可
。日美将采取统二步调应对”，表示将直接向中方表达自身看法。
【法新社华盛顿12月2日电】美国今天敦促中国取消新划设的防空识别区的相关规
则，称中国划设防空识别区令人疑惑且可能增加事故风险。美国国务院发言人普萨基强
调：“美国政府的基本立场是，我们不接受中方的要求。”
普萨基指责中方在宣布上述决定前没与相关国家磋商，她还说，“中方的做法令人
疑惑且增加了事故风险，这一事实进一步凸显出我们有理由感到担忧而且中国需要取消
相关规则”。
【德新社华盛顿12月2日电】白宫今天表示，尽管美国要求其民航公司遵守中方的
规则，但美国不承认中国东海防空识别区相关要求的合法性。
白宫发言人卡尼说，为保障乘客安全，美航空管理部门上周建议美民航公司遵守中
方的东海防空识别区规则。他说：“但这绝不意味美国政府接受中国东海防空识别区的
要求，而且绝不影响美国政府在这一问题上坚定且一贯的立场，即我们不承认中国的要
求具有合法性。”
卡尼说，中方此举“似乎是旨在最终改变东海现状的挑衅之举”，他警告说，这增
加了误算、对峙和事故的风险。
【印度报业托拉斯网站12月3日报道】美国将继续无视中国，让其军机通过中国在
有争议的东海上刚刚宣布的防空识别区。
五角大楼发言人史蒂夫-沃伦在华盛顿举行的记者会上说：“我们完全没有改变我
们的行动。我们在中国新的防空识别区所覆盖的区域进行例行行动。”当被问及美国是
否不会通知中国它在该区域的飞行行动时，沃伦回答说：“是的。”
美侦察机敏感时刻部署冲绳
【韩联社华盛顿12月2日电】随着中国在领土要求上变得更加咄咄逼人，美国正在
向日本部署一批先进的军事装备。
五角大楼证实，美国海军已从佛罗里达派两架P-8A海上侦察机前往冲绳岛。此前，
中国突然宣布划设覆盖中日韩和台湾之间水域的防空识别区。
五角大楼明确表示，部署P-8A“海神”侦察机的计划在中国宣布划设防空识别区之
前就已定好。五角大楼发言人杰夫？普尔中校说：“部署行动与中国最近的举动没有直
接关系……这是之前早已计划好的轮值行动。”
实际上，美国在10月3日的美日“2+2”双边防卫和外交会谈结束时就已宣布在日本
部署这种侦察机的计划。
虽然该协议早在中国宣布划设新的防空识别区之前就已达成，但预计此举有助于华
盛顿强调其对该地区盟友的安全承诺，以对抗北京咄咄逼人的行为。
美国空军计划从明年春开始向日本轮流部署“全球鹰”无人机，美国海军陆战队则
将从2017年起向日本派遣F-35B战机。
【美国《星条旗报》网站12月2日报道】美国驻日海军官员今天称，美国海军两架
新型P-8A“海神”侦察机已抵达冲绳嘉手纳空军基地。
该侦察机计划已久的赴西太平洋部署任务在中国单方面宣布划设东海防空识别区一
周后终于得到执行。美国海军称，另外4架P-8A侦察机也将在未来几周陆续抵达，执行
首次部署任务的P-8A侦察机已取得初步行动能力。
【美国有线电视新闻国际公司网站12月2日报道】美国海军已向日本部署两架其下
一代的侦察飞机，此项早就计划好的举动到来之时，正值就中国防空识别区问题发生争
执之际。
海军说，美国P-8A“海神”反潜巡逻机旨在加强海军远程海上巡逻能力。两架飞机
近日已从弗吉尼亚的诺福克飞抵冲绳。
P-8A“海神”反潜巡逻机是美国海军逐步淘汰P-3C“猎户座”海上巡逻机努力的一
部分。这款飞机技术上比其前任更先进，飞行高度更高，机组人员可达9人，还可携带
鱼雷、巡航导弹、炸弹和地雷。
目前海军正在使太平洋上的资源实现再平衡，而这款飞机到来的同时，该地区因中
国在东海划定防空识别区而紧张局势加剧。美日韩最近都有军机穿越这一识别区以对中
国人进行试探，新飞机的到来将额外增加一个繁忙地区的监测能力。
美国“向东看”政策的核心依然是保持可观的海上力量。巡逻与侦察司令部司令马
特-卡特海军少将发表声明说：“P-8是一个真正的多任务平台，该平台将继续为海军提
供非常宝贵的作战能力。”
中美须未雨绸缪防擦枪走火
【日本《外交学者》杂志网站12月2日文章】中国日前宣布设立新的防空识别区，
使得东海本来就紧张的气氛雪上加霜。美国两架B-52轰炸机11月26日通过这一区域，进
一步凸显这个有争议的区域存在潜在冲突。对于研究国际法的学者来说，这片海域及其
上空的使用所涉及的法律问题是个考智力、吸引人的课题。然而，这片形势日益严峻的
区域的政治现实十分可怕。
美中需要制订具体的措施，既是为了遏制冲突，又是为了创建渠道迅速解决对抗，
以防它们演变成危机。
鉴于海上军事活动在法律方面一直模棱两可，再加上由于美国咄咄逼人的军事演习
和中国军力增长而造成相遇事件日益频繁，中美两国应带头建立具体、实用的“交通规
则”，供两国军队在相遇时使用，以减少未来事件发生的可能性。
奥巴马政府将“支点”向亚洲转移已经使得美中在太平洋的关系紧张起来。美国声
称这一支点并非旨在遏制中国，但北京的领导人表示怀疑。华盛顿不应再利用另—起碰
撞来刺激这两个大国采取行动。
【《美国新闻与世界报道》周刊网站12月2日文章】美国副总统拜登展开对日中韩
的访问，试图避免该地区紧张局势升级。但国际问题专家说，要缓和因中国划设东海防
空识别区而引起的紧张局势需要很长时间。
美国战略与国际问题研究中心中国问题专家葛来仪说：“我认为在任何情况下中国
都不会退缩。中国最不希望被视为屈服于外来压力。”
那么，下一步将是建立一个让相关国家在危机中解决分歧的框架，例如2001年“海
南岛事件”的解决方式。2001年美国一架侦察机与中国一架战斗机意外相撞，导致一名
中国飞行员身亡并将中美关系推向冲突边缘。但由于意识到中美关系破裂可能在国际上
产生严重后果，双方最终选择了更冷静的处理方式。但这在中日之间也许并不容易实现
。专家说，中日的历史怨恨使彼此难以产生共鸣。
在中国宣布划设东海防空识别区仅几小时后，日本就派F-15战机飞越该空域以显示
武力，美国也在几天后派两架B-52轰炸机飞越该空域。
葛来仪说：“中日飞机相撞的几率也许更大。特别是中国方面，可能是年轻且经验
不足的飞行员，尤其可能对躲避战术和操作经验不足。”
奥巴马的前国家安全顾问托马斯-多尼伦说：“中国的举动的确代表着可能出现误
算和错误的前景。”他还谈到“海南岛事件”，称“这种误算和错误的风险正是我们处
理东海防空识别区问题时需要特别注意的”。 | g*******y
发帖数: 202 | 2 再比较一下新华网英文网站
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2013-12/03/c_125802480.
TOKYO, Dec. 3 (Xinhua) -- Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and U.S. Vice
President Joseph Biden held talks here Tuesday as part of Biden's week-long
trip that will also see him visit China and South Korea at a time when
tensions in the Asia Pacific regions, due to territorial disputes and air
demarkation zones, are rising.
The two leaders jointly told a news conference after their meeting that in a
coordinated effort concerns will be raised with leaders in China regarding
the newly-formed Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ), in the interests of
lowering tensions in the region.
"I will be raising these issues with great specificity when I meet with
Chinese leadership," Biden said, adding that Washington' s priority was to
lower tensions in the region.
Biden also has urged both Japan and China to do their utmost to seek
diplomatic means of lowering the levels of mounting agitation, in the
interests of stability in the region, but he stopped short of public stating
that China must immediately withdraw its ADIZ -- a notion that would almost
certainly be rejected by Beijing -- despite political sources here claiming
that Tokyo had hoped Washington would use this forum to do so.
Instead, Biden called for Tokyo and Beijing to take steps towards
reestablishing more effective, ministerial levels of communication between
both parties, in the interests of preventing current tensions from
escalating further.
"This underscores the need for crisis management mechanisms and effective
channels of communication between China and Japan to reduce the risk of
escalation," Biden said, having also leant on Tokyo to forge more amiable
relations with Seoul, also at odds with Tokyo, and where the vice president
will conclude the final leg of his delicate diplomatic mission on Friday.
Abe, for his part, reiterated the importance of the Japan-U.S. alliance in
the region, stating that ongoing issues would not affect the long-standing
cooperation between the two nations' forces.
"We reaffirmed that policies and measures of both our countries, including
the operations of the Self-Defense Forces and U.S. forces, will not change
and we will closely cooperate," Abe said, adding "we agreed that we will not
condone any actions that threaten the safety of civilian aircraft."
Biden said the United States would fulfill its security obligations to Japan
while again ingeminating the need for effective communication and diplomacy
between Tokyo and Beijing.
Biden's trip here is seen as pivotal to communicating imperative information
to all sides in a manner that Washington hopes will ease tensions in the
region, rather than exacerbate them by overly cozying up to its closest ally
in the region.
"The U.S. has to tread a fine line between supporting the hawkish Abe and
making him over-confident to the point where he might provoke China,"
Takehiko Yamamoto, a professor of international politics at Waseda
University in Tokyo was quoted as saying on the matter.
"Washington does not want to take the risk of damaging its bilateral ties
with China," he said.
Abe and Biden on Tuesday also traversed issues pertaining to the U.S.-led
Trans-Pacific Partnership free trade pact negotiations and resolved their
commitments to conclude negotiations by the end of the year despite the two
countries being primarily responsible for the holdup.
Abe said after meeting Biden that Japan and the United States would
spearhead talks going forward, in the interests of resolving outstanding
differences by the year-end.
Japan and the United States have been at loggerheads over Japan 's sensitive
agricultural sector and issues of intellectual property and the automotive
sector.
Akira Amari, Japan's minister in charge of the negotiations remarked in
recent meetings with U.S. Trade Representative Michael Froman that there is
virtually zero possibility that Japan will roll over on its farm tariffs,
despite calls from most of the 11 other TPP-member countries for it to do so.
For Biden's part, he indicated Tuesday that Tokyo may have to make some
concessions on sectors it's seeking to protect and other TPP-member
countries may be forced to make some "tough decisions" in the near future to
ensure the process continues to move forward.
Abe and Biden on Tuesday also addressed the thorny issue of expediting the
relocation of a controversial U.S. military base within Japan's southernmost
prefecture of Okinawa, despite harsh local opposition to the idea,
following ruling Liberal Democratic Party officials there promising in their
election campaign to see the base relocated outside Okinawa, then
backtracking on their promise, much to the chagrin of the locals and Okinawa
Governor Hirokazu Nakaima.
In line with a previous Japan-U.S. accord, the U.S. Marine Corps' Futenma
Air Station will be relocated from the densely populated city of Ginowan, to
the less-populated coastal region of Henoko in Nago as part of a broader
realignment of U.S. forces in Japan and in a bid to ease the base-hosting
burdens of Okinawa's citizens.
Abe said that following his talks with Biden, both countries will work
together to promote the relocation of the Futenma base in a "resolute
fashion."
Biden, who arrived in Tokyo on Monday night, also had an audience with Crown
Prince Naruhito and Crown Princess Masako at the prince's residence in the
Akasaka Estate, prior to holding talks with Abe.
He also held talks with Deputy Prime Minister Taro Aso, the head of the
junior ruling coalition partner New Komeito Natsuo Yamaguchi, and opposition
Democratic Party leader Banri Kaieda and other lawmakers earlier Tuesday.
Following talks with Chinese President Xi Jinping on Wednesday, Biden will
visit South Korea to hold talks with President Park Geun-hye on Friday,
which will conclude the vice president's tour.
Editor: Mu Xuequan | g*******y
发帖数: 202 | 3 In Japan, Biden promises to press China on airspace dispute
http://www.cnn.com/2013/12/03/world/asia/biden-asia-trip/ | g*******y
发帖数: 202 | |
|
