W*****B
发帖数: 4796 | 1 下面这个研究发现黑人搬离黑人聚居区到白人区之后，心情舒畅，连血压都下降了。黑
人们住在一起，他们相互对对方也是非常紧张的。
Leaving Segregated Neighborhoods Lowers Blacks' Blood Pressure
May 15, 201711:21 AM ET
It's not clear how living in a segregated neighborhood affects blood
pressure, but stress is one potential cause.
annebaek/Getty Images/iStockphoto
African Americans experience a significant drop in their blood pressure if
they move out of highly segregated neighborhoods into more integrated
neighborhoods, researchers report Monday.
A study involving more than 2,000 African Americans found those who moved
from the most-segregated neighborhoods to less-segregated neighborhoods
experienced lower systolic blood pressure years later, a key risk factor for
heart attacks and strokes.
"The big message here is that this study shines a light on one of the
root causes of heart disease and stroke in our country," says David Goff
, director of the division of cardiovascular diseases at the National Heart,
Lung, and Blood Institute, which funded the study. It was published in JAMA
Internal Medicine.
Doctors have known for a long time that African-Americans are prone to high
blood pressure. And previous research had found people living in segregated
places tended to have higher blood pressure.
The new study is the first to follow people over time to see how leaving
segregated communities could affect risk of heart disease. This kind of
before-and-after study strengthens the observations made in the earlier
studies.
Kiarri Kershaw, an assistant professor of preventive medicine at
Northwestern University, and her colleagues followed 2,280 African-Americans
participating in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (
CARDIA) study.
The subjects were living in highly segregated neighborhoods in Chicago,
Minneapolis, Birmingham, Ala., and Oakland, Calif., when the study began in
1985. They were between the ages of 18 and 30 when the study started.
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The researchers followed the study subjects for 25 years, when they reached
the ages of 43 to 55. Those who moved away from highly segregated
neighborhoods to less-segregated neighborhoods and stayed there during that
period had significantly lower blood pressure.
Their systolic blood pressure, the first of the two numbers used to measure
blood pressure, was one to five points lower, the researchers reported.
While the differences in blood pressure may seem small, that difference
among large numbers of people could translate into thousands fewer heart
attacks and strokes over time. Systolic blood pressure is thought to be the
more important number when it comes to developing cardiovascular disease.
"I think it's pretty powerful in the sense that the reasons for
their moves were not necessarily for their health, but it has these other
added benefits," Kershaw says.
The study did not examine how moving to less-segregated neighborhoods could
affect blood pressure. But Kershaw thinks it's probably due to a
combination of factors, including experiencing less stress from being
exposed to less violence.
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"There's a decent-size body of evidence relating stress to blood
pressure and that's one pathway that we hypothesize that segregation
influences health — through exposure to violence, things like that — that
could increase your stress level and then potentially influence blood
pressure," Kershaw says.
Less-segregated neighborhoods may also provide more economic opportunities
for people and their children and access to better schools, which could also
reduce stress, she says.
In addition, those neighborhoods may also make it easier to live healthier
lifestyles by having more access to parks, sidewalks, gyms, grocery stores
with more fresh produce and pharmacies to get medication.
The researchers found the difference in blood pressure persisted after
accounting for other factors that could have been playing a role, such as
changes in income and education.
Kershaw acknowledges, however, that moving to less segregated neighborhoods
could also increase stress in at least one way — by potentially exposing
African-Americans to more racism.
"It's certainly possible that those who move to less segregated
neighborhoods experience more exposure to racism, which could be one reason
why some African-Americans choose to stay in more segregated neighborhoods,&
#34; she wrote in an email. She noted that African-Americans living in more
segregated neighborhoods tend to have better mental health.
But Kershaw says her study found there was an overall beneficial effect on
blood pressure of leaving a segregated neighborhood.
"The take-home message is that policies that can allow people who are
living in segregated neighborhoods to move and live in more integrated
neighborhoods has some spillover effects that influences health like blood
pressures," Kershaw says.
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Others agree. "This study is really important," says Ashish Jha, who
studies health policy at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and
was not involved in the study.
"It helps us really feel much more confident that there's something
about segregation itself that's leading to worse health outcomes,"
Jha says. And this study says that we really do have to tackle segregation
if we're going to really improve the health of minorities in America.&#
34;
high blood pressure
segregation | F**0
发帖数: 5004 | 2 这个事实太明显了吧。
欧巴马夫妇就是例子。 从来都是住在白人区。 | j****i
发帖数: 68152 | | e****o
发帖数: 690 | 4 yellow 人自己都不愿意跟 yellow 人住在一起 | j****i
发帖数: 68152 | |
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