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发帖数: 29846 | 1 The phony ‘consensus’ on climate change
The end is near ...
... that is, for the myth that scientists have reached "consensus" on global
warming and climate change caused by humans.
The theory (more accurately called a religion for the redistribution of
wealth) has taken a number of body blows in recent times -- although the
climate-change lobby is still straining to impose its view on the world. For
example, Time magazine issued a screed headlined "Who's Bankrolling the
Climate-Change Deniers?" The piece wonders why any doubts linger. Time says,
"an overwhelming scientific consensus that says it does."
Of course, this is the same magazine that predicted the onset of a new ice
age in the early 1970s and scared the dickens out of millions. In the end,
it turned out to be a myth.
That consensus exists today is just another myth, and it's time to debunk it.
Even climate-change skeptics agree that the human race is changing the
composition of the atmosphere. With more people on the planet enjoying great
wealth and comfort thanks to industry, there's a bit more carbon dioxide.
That goes in the "So what?" file.
Beyond that, though, there is no consensus -- not on whether C02 is warming
the planet, not on how major those changes are, not on whether humanity is
to blame, not on whether warmth is harmful and not on what to do about it.
Those who say otherwise and tout the alleged consensus are at best naive.
Take, for instance, former Utah Gov. Jon Huntsman. At a national Republican
debate he said that global-warming skeptics were denying what "98 out of 100
climate scientists" believe in.
James Taylor of the Heartland Institute quickly responded that Huntsman
seemed to be referring to an online survey to which 77 people responded -- a
survey in which the questions were so slanted and vague as to be
meaningless.
Scientists bailing out
That could be put down as one incident -- except that the "consensus" trope
is so widely used as a weapon to bludgeon critics into silence. The truth is
that more and more scientists are rejecting the notion that such a complex
debate can be closed.
Last month, for instance, a winner of the Nobel Prize in physics resigned
from a major scientific group to protest its close-minded stance on climate
change. In his resignation from the American Physical Society, Ivar Giaever
wrote: "In the APS it is OK to discuss whether the mass of the proton
changes over time and how a multi-universe behaves, but the evidence of
global warming is incontrovertible?"
Others have been more blunt. Harold Lewis, emeritus professor of physics at
the University of California, Santa Barbara, also resigned from the group
with these words:
"It is of course, the global warming scam, with the (literally) trillions of
dollars driving it, that has corrupted so many scientists, and has carried
APS before it like a rogue wave. It is the greatest and most successful
pseudoscientific fraud I have seen in my long life as a physicist."
And just for argument, if numbers are the criterion, they have plenty of
company. More than 400 scientists raised questions about the warming
hypothesis in a 2007 report to the U.S. Senate. An update of that report in
2010 swelled that total to about 1,000 signers.
Meanwhile, more than 31,000 scientists have signed a petition denying that
human activity is responsible for major climate change. The petition, now
under the auspices of the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine, asserts:
"There is no convincing scientific evidence that human release of ...
greenhouse gases is causing or will, in the foreseeable future, cause
catastrophic heating of the Earth's atmosphere and disruption of the Earth's
climate. Moreover, there is substantial scientific evidence that increases
in atmospheric carbon dioxide produce many beneficial effects upon the
natural plant and animal environments."
If you want to play the numbers game, let's look at one example: 52
scientists wrote a key warming tract, 2007's IPCC Summary for Policymakers.
That means they are outnumbered 600 to 1 by the signers of the Oregon
Institute petition.
The carbon problem
Over the last decade, global emissions of carbon dioxide increased 28
percent. Africa's carbon-dioxide emissions rose 30 percent, Asia's 44
percent, and the Middle East's 57 percent. China's emissions more than
doubled. China's emissions in one year now total more than 2 billion tons
more than what the U.S. produces. Plus, the pace if anything is accelerating
. Last year China's production of CO2 grew 10 percent, while emissions in
the U.S. decreased.
Developing nations, and their billions of residents, are voting, by their
actions, to reject climate-change hysteria. That's because there are better
places to spend money to achieve a better life in light of the flimsy
foundation on which climate change is built.
But isn't science on the side of the doomsayers? Not good science. The
theories behind the hysteria are being shaken by new ideas and discoveries.
Essential questions are still unanswered. For instance, Nobel Prize-winner
Giaever is among those who have noted the difficulty in verifying any data
about worldwide climate and in proving that warming would be a bad thing.
"The claim [how can you measure the average temperature of the whole earth
for a whole year?] is that the temperature has changed from 288.0 to 288.8
degree Kelvin in about 150 years, which [if true] means to me is that the
temperature has been amazingly stable, and both human health and happiness
have definitely improved in this 'warming' period."
The ocean problem
In talking to the New York Times, he brought up another inconvenient truth
about the data: "There is no unusual rise in the ocean level, so where is
the big problem?"
What? Isn't Antarctica about to melt, and isn't New York going to be
engulfed by the rising sea?
Um ... no. Last year, scientists involved in a key study claiming ocean
levels were rising had to retract their research after finding mistakes that
undermined the findings.
The authors of the paper in Nature Geoscience said: "Since publication of
our paper we have become aware of two mistakes which impact the detailed
estimation of future sea level rise. This means that we can no longer draw
firm conclusions regarding 21st century sea level rise from this study
without further work."
In other words, they don't know. But one of the world's leading researchers
in sea-level studies says he does. And he says ocean levels are not --
repeat, not -- rising catastrophically.
Nils-Axel Mærner is chief of the paleogeophysics and geodynamics
department at Sweden's Stockholm University. He said the sea level rose by
about 1 millimeter a year from about 1850 to perhaps 1940. That's a tiny
amount. But then sea levels fell. "There's no trend, absolutely no trend," M
ærner said.
What about the IPCC report on rising ocean levels? He said the IPCC team
didn't record --- i.e., actually see -- such an increase. It was a "
correction factor" of a computer model. In other words, Mærner said, "
It is a falsification of the data set."
What about the Maldives Islands sinking into the Indian Ocean? Morner went
there. Islanders confirmed there was a sinking of the sea level -- in the
1970s. But it was probably caused by other factors, not the level of the
ocean. That new level, moreover, "has been stable, has not changed in the
last 35 years."
Yet, what about the polar regions melting? "Antarctic is certainly not
melting," he said. "All the Antarctic records show expansion of ice."
Too often, he says, global warming theorists actually have no background in
sea-level research. "So all this talk that sea level is rising, this stems
from the computer modeling, not from observations," Mærner says. "The
observations don't find it!"
A computer model is built with computer programming. And there's that old
acronym: "GIGO," or Garbage In, Garbage Out.
As for the increase in carbon dioxide, human activity may be only a tiny
factor. Last month, Murry Salby, chair of the climate department at
Macquarie University in Australia, asserted that natural sources account for
96 percent of overall CO2 emissions.
Furthermore, carbon dioxide is not the supervillain the warming crowd makes
it out to be. It is essential to the environment, according to Craig Idso,
chief of the Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide. He has even written a
book listing 55 ways CO2 improves the environment.
In extreme amounts virtually anything is a poison, but CO2 is simply not
present in extreme amounts. And even if it were, there's nothing anybody
could do about it.
"Everyone knows CO2 is a greenhouse gas," Idso has said. "What very few
people seem to know is that water vapor is a much more significant
greenhouse gas, and so as far as I know we will not be able to control water
vapor in the atmosphere as long as the wind blows over the ocean."
That inconvenient sun
Which brings up the question: how about controlling the sun?
In June, the National Solar Observatory and the U.S. Air Force Research
Laboratory reported three separate analyses indicating that the sun is now
entering a cycle of low sunspot activity. Such periods have corresponded
with global cooling -- including the "Little Ice Age" from 1645 to 1715.
Moreover, a recent paper in the prestigious journal Nature reported on
findings from Europe's CERN Laboratory, the most advanced particle
accelerator in the world. Scientists there have concluded that cosmic rays
play a much larger role than previously thought in creating clouds on earth.
Obviously, cloud cover has a huge effect on temperatures.
Which means that all warming theories have to go back to the drawing board.
Politics vs. science
There is furious debate going on these days over what to do about warming.
The debate is mostly political, which would include scientists in search of
government funding.
Danish environmentalist Bjorn Lomborg, while asserting that the planet is
warming, nevertheless argues "that many of the elaborate and expensive
actions now being considered to stop global warming will cost hundreds of
billions of dollars, are often based on emotional rather than strictly
scientific assumptions, and may very well have little impact on the world's
temperature for hundreds of years."
To sum up, neither scientists nor scientific theory provide a "consensus" on
whether climate change is happening, what it might mean, and what to do
about it.
All this just underlines a central truth: Science is not a popularity
contest. What counts is not how many people believe something, or whether
they call themselves scientists, or whether they are able to bully critics
into silence. What counts is what is true.
The only honorable and useful course is for global-warming advocates to stop
browbeating critics into silence while pretending that consensus exists.
Instead it's time to engage in an honest review of all the complex theory
and data. Then and only then will rational progress be possible.
Read more: http://www.heraldextra.com/news/opinion/article_e642454a-35b3-57dc-9a75-e7bee5853a9b.html#ixzz1aaGXClYd |
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