j***n
发帖数: 3786 | 1 The old adage "use the right tool for the job" certainly applies to
precision rifle shooting as well.
Let's explore some common cartridges and talk about their good sides and bad
sides.
This write-up mainly applies to bolt action rifles as they are the choice of
most precision rifle shooters.
There are different lengths of rifle actions.
I will divide the cartridges up based on the action length.
Short Action generally refers to cartridges of 2.8" overall loaded length.
Long Action generally refers to cartridges of 3.3" overall loaded length.
Big Magnums generally refer to cartridges of 4"+ overall loaded length.
In general, any short action rifle can be re-barreled into any other short
action cartridge of the same case head diameter.
243, 260, 7-08 and 308 all share a common case head, case body and shoulder
angle so they work from the same magazines.
The only difference between those cases is the neck diameter.
Short actions are generally the most desirable due to their stiffer actions
and shorter bolt stroke.
The bolt on many long actions will get closer to your face while cycling the
bolt, but a proper length of pull stock helps in this respect.
Longer actions allow longer cartridge cases which give you more powder
capacity.
The more powder you burn in any given bore size and pressure level, the more
velocity you get.
Example: a 30-06 at 60,000 PSI will make more velocity with the same bullet
than a 308 does at 60,000 PSI.
Now let's define the field that you will shoot on.
Shortrange is typically inside of 200yds.
Midrange is typically from 300yds to 600yds.
Longrange is typically from 800yds to 1000yds.
Extended longrange is when you get beyond 1200yds.
There's no one cartridge that's good at everything so you should be
realistic in your usage expectations when choosing a gun/cartridge.
In my descriptions to follow, I use the following relative scale: poor, fair
, good, excellent
Recoil/concussion (shooter fatigue) and costs will use the following
quantitative scale: minimal, low, moderate, high
Factors to consider:
Exterior ballistics performance (range)
Gun availability (Factory vs. custom)
Factory match quality ammo availability (for people that don't reload yet)
Ammo cost
Recoil
Barrel life | j***n
发帖数: 3786 | 2 Short Action Cartridges
223 Remington
This is an excellent shortrange to a good midrange cartridge.
It's good out to about 600yds, but the wind pushes it around much past that.
The realistic maximum range is 1000yds and there are very few bullets that
will even make it that far.
There are many options in factory made rifles, though most will not have the
proper twists and chambers to make use of the best longrange bullets.
There are many factory match quality loads available.
Cost to reload is low due to the easy availability of brass and match grade
bullets.
Recoil is minimal, almost non-existant due to very lightweight bullets and
small powder charges.
Due to it's smaller case capacity, barrel life is good.
Expect 2500 to 4000 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/
fast you push it.
243 Winchester
This is a good midrange to longrange cartridge, but it derives it's
performance from a few very specific longrange bullets.
It's very flat shooting out to about 800yds, but the wind pushes it around
much past that.
The realistic maximum range is 1300yds with 115gr Dtacs.
There are very few options in factory made rifles with an appropriate twist
to use the specialty longrange bullets so this is almost always a custom
build proposition.
There are very few factory match quality loads available.
Cost to reload is moderate, brass and match grade bullets are easily
availabile.
Recoil is low due to the lightweight bullets and moderate powder charges.
Due to it's smaller bore and higher pressure/velocities, barrel life is poor.
Expect 1500 to 2500 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/
fast you push it.
260 Remington
This is an excellent midrange to longrange cartridge, but it derives it's
performance from a few very specific longrange bullets.
It's good to about 900yds as the heavier bullets help it to beat the wind.
The realistic maximum range is 1400yds with 139gr Scenars or 142gr SMK's.
There are very few options in factory made rifles so this is almost always a
custom build proposition.
There are very few factory match quality loads available so you pretty much
have to reload your own ammo.
Cost to reload is moderate, brass is only available from a few sources but
243 & 7-08 brass can be re-formed.
Recoil is moderate due to the bullet weight and moderate powder charges.
Due to it's smaller bore and higher pressure/velocities, barrel life is fair.
Expect 2000 to 3000 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/
fast you push it.
6.5x47 Lapua
This is an excellent midrange to longrange cartridge, but it derives it's
performance from a few very specific longrange bullets.
It's good to about 900yds as the heavier bullets help it to beat the wind.
The realistic maximum range is 1400yds with 139gr Scenars or 142gr SMK's.
There are no factory made rifles so this is a custom build proposition.
There are very few factory match quality loads available so you pretty much
have to reload your own ammo.
Cost to reload is moderate to high as brass is only available from Lapua.
It's intersting to note that this cartridge uses a small rifle primer which
allows pressures to run about 3000 to 5000 psi higher than other 308 class
cartridges.
This extra pressure more than offsets the smaller powder capacity that this
cartridge offers.
Recoil is moderate due to the bullet weight and moderate powder charges.
Due to it's smaller bore and much higher pressure/velocities, barrel life is
fair.
Expect 2500 to 3500 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/
fast you push it.
6.5 Creedmore
This is an excellent midrange to longrange cartridge, but it derives it's
performance from a few very specific longrange bullets.
It's good to about 900yds as the heavier bullets help it to beat the wind.
The realistic maximum range is 1400yds with 139gr Scenars or 142gr SMK's.
There are no factory made rifles so this is a custom build proposition.
There are a couple factory match quality loads available from Hornady.
Cost to reload is moderate, but brass is only available from Hornady.
Recoil is moderate due to the bullet weight and moderate powder charges.
Due to it's smaller bore and much higher pressure/velocities, barrel life is
fair to poor.
Expect 2000 to 3000 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/
fast you push it.
7-08 Remington
This is a good midrange to longrange cartridge, but it derives it's
performance from one specific longrange bullet, the 162gr Amax.
It's good to about 800yds, but the wind pushes it around much past that.
The realistic maximum range is 1200yds with the Amax, but much shorter with
anything else.
There are very few options in factory made rifles so this is almost always a
custom build proposition.
There are very few factory match quality loads available so you pretty much
have to reload your own ammo.
Cost to reload is moderate, but brass is only available from a couple of
sources or 308 brass can be re-formed.
Recoil is moderate due to the bullet weight and moderate powder charges.
Due to it's medium sized bore and moderate velocities, barrel life is good.
Expect 3000 to 4000 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/
fast you push it.
7mm Winchester short magnum
This is an excellent longrange cartridge, but it derives it's performance
from a few very specific longrange bullets.
It's excellent to 1000yds as the heavier bullets really help it to beat the
wind.
The realistic maximum range is 1500yds with 180gr bergers.
There are almost no factory made rifles so this is a custom build
proposition.
There are no factory match quality loads available so you have to reload
your own ammo.
Cost to reload is moderate and brass is only available from a couple of
sources.
Recoil is moderate due to the bullet weight and heavier powder charges.
Due to it's bore size and higher pressure/velocities, barrel life is poor.
Expect 900 to 1300 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/fast
you push it.
308 Winchester
This is a good midrange cartridge.
It's good to about 800yds, but heavier bullets can help beat the wind past
that.
The realistic maximum range is 1100yds and there are only a few bullets that
will make it that far.
There are lots of options in factory made rifles.
There are lots of factory match quality loads available.
Cost to reload is moderate, brass is available everywhere.
Recoil is moderate due to the bullet weight and moderate powder charges.
Due to it's larger bore and lower velocities, barrel life is excellent.
Expect 4000 to 8000 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/
fast you push it. | j***n
发帖数: 3786 | 3 Long Action Cartridges
6mm-06
This is an excellent longrange cartridge, but it derives it's performance
from a couple very specific longrange bullets.
It's good to 1000yds, but the wind will be pushing the lighter bullets
around much past that.
The realistic maximum range is 1500yds with 115gr Dtacs.
There are no factory made rifles so this is a custom build proposition.
There are no factory match quality loads available so you have to reload
your own ammo.
Cost to reload is moderate, brass is formed from 30-06 or 270 which are
available everywhere.
Recoil is moderate due to the low bullet weight and heavier powder charges.
Due to it's bore size and higher pressure/velocities, barrel life is
extremely poor.
Expect 700 to 1000 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/fast
you push it.
6.5x55 Swede
This is a good longrange cartridge, but it derives it's performance from a
few very specific longrange bullets.
It's good to 1000yds as the heavier bullets help it to beat the wind.
The realistic maximum range is 1400yds with 139gr Scenars or 142gr SMK's.
There are some european factory made rifles, but this is a custom build
proposition if you want a domestic gun.
There are very few factory match quality loads available and you have to
reload your own ammo to recognize the full
performance this cartridge is capable of in a modern action.
Cost to reload is moderate, brass is available from many different
manufacturers.
Recoil is moderate due to the bullet weight and moderate powder charges.
Due to it's bore size, case shape and lower pressure, barrel life is fair to
good.
Expect 2000 to 3000 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/
fast you push it.
6.5-284
This is an excellent longrange cartridge, but it derives it's performance
from a few very specific longrange bullets.
It's good to 1000yds as the heavier bullets help it to beat the wind.
The realistic maximum range is 1500yds with 139gr Scenars or 142gr SMK's.
There are very few factory made rifles so this is usually a custom build
proposition.
There are very few factory match quality loads available so you pretty much
have to reload your own ammo.
Cost to reload is moderate, but brass is only available from a couple of
sources.
Recoil is moderate due to the bullet weight and heavier powder charges.
Due to it's bore size and higher pressure/velocities, barrel life is poor.
Expect 800 to 1200 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/fast
you push it.
284 Winchester
This is an excellent midrange to longrange cartridge, but it derives it's
performance from a few very specific longrange bullets.
It's good to 1000yds as the heavier 7mm bullets really help it to beat the
wind.
The realistic maximum range is 1400yds with 180gr bergers.
There are no factory made rifles so this is a custom build proposition.
There are no factory match quality loads available so you have to reload
your own ammo.
Cost to reload is moderate and brass is only available from a couple of
sources.
Recoil is moderate due to the bullet weight and heavier powder charges.
Due to larger powder capacity, barrel life is fair.
Expect 2000 to 2500 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/
fast you push it.
30-06 Springfield
This is a good longrange cartridge due to the wide variety of 30 caliber
bullets and the powder capacity to run heavier bullets than a 308.
It's good to 1000yds as the heavier bullets help it to beat the wind.
The realistic maximum range is 1300yds with 210gr bullets.
There are almost no factory made heavy barreled rifles as the 308 has
generally superseded the 30-06.
There are several factory match quality loads available though as there are
a ton of 30-06 rifles out there from it's 100+ year life span.
Cost to reload is moderate, brass is available from many different
manufacturers.
Recoil is moderate due to the bullet weight and moderate powder charges.
Due to it's larger bore size and slightly lower pressure, barrel life is
excellent.
Expect 4000 to 8000 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/
fast you push it.
300 Winchester magnum
This is an excellent longrange cartridge due to the wide variety of 30
caliber bullets and the powder capacity to make velocity.
It's excellent to 1000yds as the heavier bullets really help it to beat the
wind.
The realistic maximum range is 1400yds with 210gr bullets.
There are many options in factory made rifles.
There are several factory match quality loads available.
Cost to reload is moderate and brass is available from many sources.
Recoil is heavy due to the bullet weight and heavy powder charges.
Due to it's high pressure and velocity, barrel life is poor.
Expect 1000 to 1500 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/
fast you push it.
338 Lapua
This is an excellent longrange cartridge due to the excellent BC's of 338
caliber match bullets.
It can squeezed into the same action as a 300 win mag, but a larger action
and longer magazine are helpful.
It's excellent to 1400yds as the heavier bullets really help it to beat the
wind.
The realistic maximum range is 1800yds.
There are many options in factory made rifles.
There are several factory match quality loads available, but prices are
double a 300 win mag.
Cost to reload is high with brass only available from a few sources.
Recoil is heavy due to the bullet weight and heavy powder charges.
Due to it's high pressure and heavy powder charges, barrel life is poor.
Expect 1000 to 1500 rounds of accurate barrel life depending on how hard/
fast you push it. | j***n
发帖数: 3786 | 4 Big Magnum Cartridges*
375 Cheytac
Currently outperforms all cartridges at distance. Uses very specific
monolithic solid bullets formed with CNC lathes
for best performance - 350 grain Jamison solid at 3450 fps stays supersonic
to 2800 yards accurately. Very flat
shooting but hard on barrels. For best performance barrel bores should be
made to LRBT solid specs. Loaded ammo is in
very limited supply and brass is expensive though at least now it can be
bought to spec from Jamison instead of
requiring to be formed from .408 Cheytac brass.
408 Cheytac
Excellent ELR cartridge that uses specific CNC lathed solid bullets. 419gr
Jamison solids shot at 2800 fps stay
supersonic to about 2300 yards and delivers more energy at distance than .
50BMG. Bullet supply is limited to lathed
solids and jacketed hunting bullets. 385 Lehigh solids are more economical
but can't carry as far as the 419s. More
barrel life than a .375 Cheytac but can't hold the distance. Loaded ammo is
in very limited supply and brass is
expensive but available in volume.
416 Barrett
Necked down .50BMG cartridge, this one also uses a CNC lathed solid bullet
made exclusively by Lehigh for ELR
performance. Because it's based on the .50BMG case it requires a large rifle
platform similar to other .50BMG rifles.
Feels like shooting at .50BMG. Performance beyond 2000 yards is questionable
but the cartridge is very flat shooting
and therefore has a short barrel life. Bullets and brass are in limited
supply as is loaded ammo with Barrett being the
sole source for most.
50 BMG/DTC
Tricky alternative to .50BMG - ballistics are very similar and therefore
carries energy far but accuracy beyond 2000
yards is questionable. Bullet options are the same as .50BMG - varied and
available in volume. Brass has to be formed
from .50BMG cases which is a two step process, so it can be a bit tedious in
volume. Loaded ammo is very limited. | C*******d
发帖数: 15836 | 5 狂赞！实在是太有用了！！
我的野心不大，基本暂时选定308。 | t*****8
发帖数: 1274 | | t******y
发帖数: 5040 | | s*********r
发帖数: 4210 | | j***n
发帖数: 3786 | 9 戳人也行啊,谁愿意献身?!
【在 t******y 的大作中提到】
: 这篇文章的大背景还是中长距离戳纸靶。。。
| f****a
发帖数: 4708 | 10 看了一下，军用口径的accurate barrel life都在4000以上。.223差点。
.308WIN 4000 to 8000
30.06 4000 to 8000
.223 2500 to 4000
7-08 Remington 3000 to 4000 这个也不错。
6-7直径里面还是有不少好口径的。
308的弹壳很好，挤一挤就可以装7-08Rem。 | | | f*********n
发帖数: 11154 | 11 这个不错，看完了俺又开始在30-06和308之间摇摆了。 | t******y
发帖数: 5040 | 12 别摇了，要精度，上308；非要装大弹头，才上30-06.
30-06的枪，精度都不怎么样，现在就是一打猎的口径。
现如今，枪都是按目的优化的。你要找只30-06，270的重管，那可不容易；
308的重管遍地都是。 | f*********n
发帖数: 11154 | 13 呵呵，刚摇了一小会儿，然后在网上做research，正准备上来说找不到太多30-06重管
选择。
还是按照既定方针办，Savage 10FP，308 Winchester.
【在 t******y 的大作中提到】
: 别摇了，要精度，上308；非要装大弹头，才上30-06.
: 30-06的枪，精度都不怎么样，现在就是一打猎的口径。
: 现如今，枪都是按目的优化的。你要找只30-06，270的重管，那可不容易；
: 308的重管遍地都是。
| c*****t
发帖数: 490 | 14 你搞个375 Cheytac吧，可能是南加州第一把
supersonic
【在 j***n 的大作中提到】
: Big Magnum Cartridges*
: 375 Cheytac
: Currently outperforms all cartridges at distance. Uses very specific
: monolithic solid bullets formed with CNC lathes
: for best performance - 350 grain Jamison solid at 3450 fps stays supersonic
: to 2800 yards accurately. Very flat
: shooting but hard on barrels. For best performance barrel bores should be
: made to LRBT solid specs. Loaded ammo is in
: very limited supply and brass is expensive though at least now it can be
: bought to spec from Jamison instead of
| c*****t
发帖数: 490 | 15 308 win重弹，比如 > 200gr，弹道会好些吧，为什么不常见？
that.
the
grade
【在 j***n 的大作中提到】
: Short Action Cartridges
: 223 Remington
: This is an excellent shortrange to a good midrange cartridge.
: It's good out to about 600yds, but the wind pushes it around much past that.
: The realistic maximum range is 1000yds and there are very few bullets that
: will even make it that far.
: There are many options in factory made rifles, though most will not have the
: proper twists and chambers to make use of the best longrange bullets.
: There are many factory match quality loads available.
: Cost to reload is low due to the easy availability of brass and match grade
| H**7
发帖数: 8624 | 16 收藏了， 多谢！
bad
of
【在 j***n 的大作中提到】
: The old adage "use the right tool for the job" certainly applies to
: precision rifle shooting as well.
: Let's explore some common cartridges and talk about their good sides and bad
: sides.
: This write-up mainly applies to bolt action rifles as they are the choice of
: most precision rifle shooters.
: There are different lengths of rifle actions.
: I will divide the cartridges up based on the action length.
: Short Action generally refers to cartridges of 2.8" overall loaded length.
: Long Action generally refers to cartridges of 3.3" overall loaded length.
| H**7
发帖数: 8624 | 17 据说常打枪的人， 听力高频部分容易受损。
想留着耳朵欣赏音乐， 所以一直走小口径路线。
现在动了中程的念头， 就选 308WIN 了 --- 这名字也给力！ | t******y
发帖数: 5040 | 18
就308那个短壳，怎么塞得进200GR的弹头？180格令的弹头就需要压缩装药了。
弹壳的容积是必须考虑的。
要想大弹头，你该上升到300 WM了。
【在 c*****t 的大作中提到】
: 308 win重弹，比如 > 200gr，弹道会好些吧，为什么不常见？
:
: that.
: the
: grade
| t******y
发帖数: 5040 | 19 再则，就算是那个短壳塞进了200GR的弹头，火药装的不够，那初速就低得可怕了。
常见的308发射的165-175格令的弹头的时候那初速就不太好看了。初速一低，那同等距离下坠的也多，风偏也大，这是物理规律决定的。这样的彩虹弹道，戳不会动的纸靶就勉强，打能跑的猎物就惨了。
注意一楼里的数据，都是2800-3000FPS。初速太高了，枪管寿命短；太低了，弹道又难看。
3000FPS上下是我选择弹的标尺。 |
|
