R********n
发帖数: 5904 | 1 这段历史大概被彻底否毛及冷战给掩盖了。从一定程度说，夸克是从中国这窃取的idea？
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/05/science/05china.html?_r=1
China Pursues Major Role in Particle Physics
The superconducting magnet for the Large Hadron Collider near Geneva.
This was no idle diversion. According to natural dialectics, which formed
the philosophical underpinnings of Marxism, the entire universe, from top to
bottom, was seething with tension and change. As a result, Mao thought,
nature should be infinitely divisible.
“Take a footlong stick and remove half every day. In 10,000 years it will
not run out,” Mao, who rarely missed the chance to chat up physicists,
often said. “This is truth. If you don’t believe it, you may test it. If
there is an end, there is no science.”
Suitably inspired by such thoughts, in the 1960s Chinese physicists invented
a sort of onion-layer theory of particles called the straton model, in
which both protons and electrons have a common constituent. Sheldon Glashow,
the physicist and Nobelist now at Boston University, once suggested that
such a particle, if found, should be named the Maon.
But Mao’s Cultural Revolution, which was unleashed in 1966, closed
universities and journals and set back Chinese physics for a generation. In
the meantime, quarks beat out Maons as the constituents of protons. To this
day the electron remains undivided.
Mao’s enthusiasm for particle physics nevertheless left a legacy.
Ever since 1989, in a collection of buildings occupying about a city block
in Beijing, Chinese physicists have been quietly shooting electrons and
their evil-twin opposites — positrons — around a 80-yard-diameter
underground track at nearly the speed of light, and then banging them
together in little fireballs of energy.
Over the years, the work at the Beijing collider has produced results that
are critical to efforts on the frontier of particle physics at more famous
and much larger accelerators — those that have racetracks miles around and
trillion-electron-volt energies, like the Tevatron at the Fermi National
Accelerator Laboratory, known as Fermilab, outside Chicago, and the Large
Hadron Collider, scheduled to open next year at the CERN laboratory near
Geneva.
Next fall, the Beijing collider, which is shut down for a major upgrade,
will be reborn with the ability to produce 100 times as many collisions it
did before, enabling physicists to investigate the quantum property called
charm and resolve some standing puzzles about quarks.
By the end of the decade, as the world’s physicists shift their attention
and money to the new CERN collider, experiments at the Stanford Linear
Accelerator Center in Menlo Park, Calif., and the Fermilab are expected to
shut down. The Beijing collider then will be one of the few other particle
accelerators still doing physics experiments left in the world, and Chinese
physicists are trolling for collaborators.
“Although collaborations are still modest, golden physics opportunities
exist in China,” Hesheng Chen, director of the Institute of High Energy
Physics in Beijing, recently wrote in the physics magazine Symmetry.
More important, Chinese particle physicists are poised to make a major
contribution to one of the grandest collaborations of all, a proposed giant
accelerator called the International Linear Collider, or I.L.C. The world’s
physicists have already determined that it will be the Next Big Thing, but
how many billions it will cost and where it will be built have yet to be
decided.
Still in planning stages, the linear collider would be designed to carry
international research beyond any new laws of physics and forms of matter
that may be discovered using the new machine at CERN.
“China is certainly interested in the I.L.C.,” said Dr. Chen, who is a
member of the steering committee for the international collider, and one of
the organizers of a meeting this week in Beijing, where Chinese scientists
and industry and government leaders will start talking about what role to
take in the project.
Jie Gao, a physicist at Beijing’s Institute of High Energy Physics and a
member of the big collider’s design team who helped instigate this week’s
meeting, said he hoped the conclusion was positive, “for the good of
sciences, economy, education, a harmonious and peaceful world, and a
sustainable development of human being.”
It wasn’t until the early 1970s, after the turmoil of the Cultural
Revolution began to wind down, that Chinese physics began to recover. Zhou
Enlai, China’s premier, took advantage of Mao’s enthusiasms to endorse the
development of high-energy physics, including a long-dormant dream of
building a Chinese particle accelerator. It didn’t hurt that particle
physics was closely connected to nuclear weapons.
Zhou got support from so-called overseas Chinese scientists, who had begun
to visit their homeland in droves, like Chen-Ning Yang, then of the State
University of New York at Stony Brook, and Tsung-Dao Lee, of Columbia
University, who were Nobelists and heroes in China, and who talked up the
importance of basic research to Mao and others. | s*****r
发帖数: 11545 | | R********n
发帖数: 5904 | 3 你也可以这样说。不过老毛50年代给物理学家们讨论，第一次提出这个强子可分。然后
中科院从这立项做，其实比西方要领先的。
随后西方也顺这个思路跟进了。显然Maon是西方科学家愧疚之余的回报，毕竟这是中国
最先提的idea。
【在 s*****r 的大作中提到】
: 这是一个古老的中国哲学观点，哪是毛提出的？
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