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TrustInJesus版 - 驅魔需求暴增 美天主教開會研討
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话题: exorcism话题: 驅魔话题: said话题: priests话题: bishops
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E*****m
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驅魔需求暴增 美天主教開會研討
【聯合報╱編譯莊蕙嘉/報導】

2010.11.14 02:19 am
紐約時報報導,美國天主教會近來接獲的驅魔需求暴增,會驅魔的神父卻不多,難以應
付。
為此教會12至13日在巴爾的摩開會,討論讓更多神父和主教學習驅魔,也讓飽受信徒流
失、性侵兒童醜聞困擾的天主教會確立「和天使與魔鬼打交道」的地位,爭取更多信徒。
好萊塢電影「大法師」中的驅魔儀式驚心動魄,其實驅魔在歐洲、非洲及中南美洲較受
歡迎,過去美國人不太信這一套,因此會驅魔的美國神父不多。但近來教會接獲的驅魔
要求卻暴增。
發起這次會議的伊利諾州春田市主教帕普羅基說,「並非所有自認為需要驅魔的人,真
的都需要驅魔」,只有被惡靈附身的人,才需要動用驅魔儀式,但這種案例並不多見。
教會舉行驅魔儀式前,信徒還須先經醫師鑑定,確認沒有罹患身心疾病。
帕普羅基指出,被惡靈附身者會出現幾種徵兆,例如說出沒有學過的語言,力氣奇大,
對天父之名或聖水反應激烈,極少睡眠,胃口不佳,不停啃或摳皮膚等。
這場「驅魔會議」有66名神父和56名主教參加,反應之熱烈讓帕普羅基相當驚訝。「驅
魔」幾乎和天主教歷史一樣悠久,新約聖經中即有耶穌驅出信眾體內惡靈的故事,天主
教教理中亦記載驅魔儀式。真正的驅魔儀式並不像電影「大法師」描述的那般恐怖血腥。
受過專業驅魔訓練的神職人員,道具只有聖水和十字架,對被附身者口念禱詞,並視惡
靈的反應,隨時更換經文。
美國聖母院大學宗教史教授艾波拜指出,美國教會突然看重驅魔,原因之一是想恢復近
來失去的一些東西,讓教會重新擁有不同於其他組織的「超自然」地位,告訴外界「我
們和天使與魔鬼打交道」。
【2010/11/14 聯合報】@ http://udn.com/
E*****m
发帖数: 25615
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November 12, 2010
For Catholics, Interest in Exorcism Is Revived
By LAURIE GOODSTEIN
The rite of exorcism, rendered gory by Hollywood and ridiculed by many
modern believers, has largely fallen out of favor in the Roman Catholic
Church in the United States.
There are only a handful of priests in the country trained as exorcists, but
they say they are overwhelmed with requests from people who fear they are
possessed by the Devil.
Now, American bishops are holding a conference on Friday and Saturday to
prepare more priests and bishops to respond to the demand. The purpose is
not necessarily to revive the practice, the organizers say, but to help
Catholic clergy members learn how to distinguish who really needs an
exorcism from who really needs a psychiatrist, or perhaps some pastoral care.
“Not everyone who thinks they need an exorcism actually does need one,”
said Bishop Thomas J. Paprocki of Springfield, Ill., who organized the
conference. “It’s only used in those cases where the Devil is involved in
an extraordinary sort of way in terms of actually being in possession of the
person.
“But it’s rare, it’s extraordinary, so the use of exorcism is also rare
and extraordinary,” he said. “But we have to be prepared.”
The closed-door conference is being held in Baltimore before the annual fall
meeting of the nation’s bishops. Some Catholic commentators said they were
puzzled why the bishops would bother with exorcisms in a year when they are
facing a full plate of crises — from parish and school closings, to polls
showing the loss of one of every three white baptized members, to the sexual
abuse scandal flaring up again.
But to R. Scott Appleby, a professor of American Catholic history at the
University of Notre Dame, the bishops’ timing makes perfect sense.
“What they’re trying to do in restoring exorcisms,” said Dr. Appleby, a
longtime observer of the bishops, “is to strengthen and enhance what seems
to be lost in the church, which is the sense that the church is not like any
other institution. It is supernatural, and the key players in that are the
hierarchy and the priests who can be given the faculties of exorcism.
“It’s a strategy for saying: ‘We are not the Federal Reserve, and we are
not the World Council of Churches. We deal with angels and demons.’ ”
Pope Benedict XVI has emphasized a return to traditional rituals and
practices, and some observers said the bishops’ interest in exorcism was
consistent with the direction set by the pope.
Exorcism is as old as Christianity itself. The New Testament has accounts of
Jesus casting out demons, and it is cited in the Catholic Church’s
catechism. But it is now far more popular in Europe, Africa and Latin
America than in the United States.
Most exorcisms are not as dramatic as the bloody scenes in films. The ritual
is based on a prayer in which the priest invokes the name of Jesus. The
priest also uses holy water and a cross, and can alter the prayer depending
on the reaction he gets from the possessed person, said Matt Baglio, a
journalist in Rome who wrote the book “The Rite: The Making of a Modern
Exorcist” (Doubleday, 2009).
“The prayer comes from the power of Jesus’ name and the church. It doesn’
t come from the power of the exorcist. The priest doesn’t have the magic
power,” said Mr. Baglio, whose book has been made into a movie to be
released in January, starring Anthony Hopkins.
There is plenty of cynicism among American Catholics — even among priests
— about exorcism. Mr. Baglio noted that there are hucksters who prey on
vulnerable believers, causing them physical or spiritual harm. As a result,
he thought it was helpful that the church is making an effort to train more
priests to perform the rite legitimately.
With so few priests who perform exorcisms, and the stigma around it,
exorcists are not eager to be identified. Efforts to interview them on
Friday were unsuccessful.
Bishop Paprocki said he was surprised at the turnout for the conference: 66
priests and 56 bishops. The goal is for each diocese to have someone who can
at least screen requests for exorcisms.
Some of the classic signs of possession by a demon, Bishop Paprocki said,
include speaking in a language the person has never learned; extraordinary
shows of strength; a sudden aversion to spiritual things like holy water or
the name of God; and severe sleeplessness, lack of appetite and cutting,
scratching and biting the skin.
A person who claims to be possessed must be evaluated by doctors to rule out
a mental or physical illness, according to Vatican guidelines issued in
1999, which superseded the previous guidelines, issued in 1614.
The Rev. Richard Vega, president of the National Federation of Priests’
Councils, an organization for American priests, said that when he first
heard about the conference on exorcism, “My immediate reaction was to say,
why?”
He said that he had not heard of any requests for exorcisms and that the
topic had not come up in the notes of meetings from councils of priests in
various dioceses.
The conference on exorcism comes at a time, he said, when the church is
bringing back traditional practices. The Vatican has authorized the revival
of the Latin Mass, and now a revised English translation of the liturgy,
said to be closer to a direct translation from the Latin, is to be put in
use in American parishes next year.
“People are talking about, are we taking two steps back?” Father Vega said
. “My first reaction when I heard about the exorcism conference was, this
is another of those trappings we’ve pulled out of the past.”
But he said that there could eventually be a rising demand for exorcism
because of the influx of Hispanic and African Catholics to the United States
. People from those cultures, he said, are more attuned to the experience of
the supernatural.
Bishop Paprocki noted that according to Catholic belief, the Devil is a real
and constant force who can intervene in people’s lives — though few of
them will require an exorcism to handle it.
“The ordinary work of the Devil is temptation,” he said, “and the
ordinary response is a good spiritual life, observing the sacraments and
praying. The Devil doesn’t normally possess someone who is leading a good
spiritual life.”
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