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USANews版 - 美国下一次繁荣的宠儿
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相关话题的讨论汇总
话题: 公司话题: 美国话题: 天然气话题: gas话题: williams
进入USANews版参与讨论
1 (共1页)
l****z
发帖数: 29846
1
作为唯一没有遭受二战荼毒之灾的工业化强国,美国曾经生产出这个星球近40%的商品
。如今,这一比例已降至18%。我们把美国女孩(American Girl)洋娃娃交给中国制造,
把李维斯(Levi's)牛仔裤交给墨西哥制造,甚至把许多电影放到加拿大温哥华去拍摄,
以至于可以把那里称之为“北好莱坞”(Hollywood North)。
然而,在经历了长达数十年的外包之后,如今美国正悄悄兴起一场制造业的复兴。苹果
(Apple)、卡特彼勒(Caterpillar)、福特汽车(Ford Motor)、通用电气(General
Electric)、惠而浦(Whirlpool)等公司在美国本土生产的商品越来越多。受到廉价能源
、弱势美元和停滞薪酬吸引的不只是美国企业,三星电子(Samsung Electronics)计划
在得克萨斯州投资40亿美元建造一座半导体工厂,空客公司(Airbus SAS)正在阿拉巴马
州建造一座工厂,丰田汽车(Toyota)想在印第安那州生产厢式旅行车,然后出口到亚洲。
美国老工业区重新焕发生机是有不少原因的,其中包括亚洲人工成本和工业地块价格的
上升,但最大的因素应该是美国能源实力的大爆发。由于在石油天然气页岩开采技术上
的先发优势,现在北美大陆生产的天然气远远超过其他任何一个大陆。与石油不同,天
然气的跨洋运输并不容易;由此带来的结果是,美国唾手可得全世界最廉价的能源:天
然气在美国的价格是每百万英国热力单位(BTU)3.55美元,而在欧洲约为12美元,在日
本约为16美元。廉价能源不但能减少美国的贸易赤字以及对中东石油的依赖程度,还能
增强美国工厂的全球竞争力。对从产品输出大国沦为就业输出大国的美国来说,这是一
个很大的提振。
John Kuczala for Barron's
最大的受益者是能耗大户企业,如化工厂和炼钢厂等。《巴伦周刊》(Barron)挑选出了
应该能从天然气优势推动下的美国制造业复苏中获得巨大成功的八只股票,它们是西南
能源公司(Southwestern Energy)、利安德巴塞尔工业公司(LyondellBasell
Industries)、纽柯钢铁公司(Nucor)、都福集团(Dover)、卡尔派恩公司(Calpine)、CF
工业控股(CF Industries)、威廉姆斯公司(Williams)和联合太平洋铁路公司(Union
Pacific)。不过复兴也会对区域性借贷机构、住房建筑商和各地的小企业产生影响。纽
约研究机构国际策略与投资集团(International Strategy & Investment Group)的联
席主管南希•拉扎尔宣称:“美国是天然气领域的沙特阿拉伯。美国中部是我最
看好的新兴市场。”
美国的能源优势要感谢液压破碎法。这是一种备受争议的开采方式,利用高压将液体打
穿岩层,深度往往达到一英里以上,以获得石油和天然气。批评人士谴责液压破碎法会
破坏环境,但甚至连他们都承认,这种做法能带来大量的廉价天然气。过去六年多来,
美国的石油和天然气产量从每天1500万桶油当量跃升至2010万桶油当量,创下20年来的
新高。同期的美国原油进口从每天1400万桶降低至800万桶,为近25年来的最低水平。
有一个趋势值得关注:南达科他矿业理工学院(South Dakota School of Mines &
Technology)毕业生的就业率达到88%,要求的起薪中值比耶鲁大学(Yale Univesity)毕
业生高出16%。他们的吉祥物是:地精矿工(Grubby the Miner)。
国际能源署(International Energy Agency)称,到2020年,美国将成为世界上最大的
石油生产国。埃克森美孚公司(ExxonMobil)预测,到2025年,北美将成为能源净出口地
区。
美国在能源上的优势足以维持数十年之久。T. Rowe Price基金公司自然资源类股票组
合经理提姆•派克(Tim Parker)说:“美国的优势不仅在于地下蕴藏的巨大储备
,而在于一连串可以预想到的组合拳,包括早已建成的基础设施、专业技能、相对丰富
的水源,以及一个有利的许可权制度,从而确保土地所有者在开采过程中能获得应有收
益。”与此形成对比的是,欧洲反对液压破碎法,基础设施缺乏;日本几乎找不到任何
页岩地形;中国虽然资源丰富,但只有靠近长江的页岩地区拥有足够水源进行液压破碎
法开采。
当然,一个尤其寒冷的冬季可能会推动美国天然气价格飙升,但这种波动只是暂时的。
由于天然气储备不断扩大以及库存屡创新高,商品策略师预计美国天然气价格将在未来
数年内保持在每百万英国热力单位三到五美元的区间──远低于国外的天然气价格。
廉价天然气并非美国唯一的优势所在。自2001年加入世界贸易组织(World Trade
Organization)以来,中国已成为全世界的低成本工厂。然而,中国工人的工资和福利
正在以每年15%到20%的速度增长,而美国的工资水平则停滞不前。虽然中国政府力求保
持币值稳定,但自2005年以来,人民币对美元已升值33%。中国整体的工业用地平均成
本为每平方英尺10.22美元,但在沿海城市宁波已上涨至11.15美元,深圳为21美元──
而美国田纳西州和北卡罗来纳州仅为1.30美元到4.65美元。波士顿咨询公司(Boston
Consulting Group)高级合伙人哈尔•西尔金(Hal Sirkin)说:“未来五年内,如
果在美国一些地方建造工厂,其许多产品的整体生产成本仅比中国沿海城市高10%到15%
左右。”如果再考虑关税和运费,美国与中国的制造成本差距将进一步缩小。
如今,制造商在为工厂选址时的考虑因素也不仅仅是成本。哈佛商学院(Harvard
Business School)教授加里•皮萨诺(Gary Pisano)表示,美国仍是全世界最大的
消费市场,而把供应链贴近美国,有助于加快企业的市场反应速度和创新速度。普华永
道会计师事务所(PricewaterhouseCoopers)美国工业企业部负责人罗伯特•麦卡
琼(Robert McCutcheon)说:“在美建厂不仅能保护产品的知识产权,还能保护产品的
生产流程。”
当然,美国企业不可能完全关闭海外工厂。与其他许多国家相比,美国的企业税依然很
高。由于自动化技术进步和产能提高,回归美国的就业岗位也有限。不过,波士顿咨询
公司的西尔金做出一个保守估计,认为到2020年,美国将增加250万到500万制造业岗位
,从而让美国目前接近7.8%的失业率下降二到三个百分点。由于德国和日本等发达国家
竞争对手的生产成本较高,美国的出口也将进一步扩大。美国的港口设施齐全,但容量
闲置,目前吞吐量仅为最大运营能力的54%,低于欧洲的59%,拉丁美洲的67%,以及东
南亚的76%。
更多的工厂回归本土有助于美国经济的整体发展。全美制造商协会(National
Association of Manufacturers)表示,在制造业上每投入一美元,能额外拉动1.48美
元的经济。还有一个好处是:制造业在研发上的投入占美国私人板块研发投入的三分之
二。
五三银行私人银行(Fifth Third Private Bank)的首席投资策略师杰弗里•科赞
尼克(Jeffrey Korzenik)表示,这一切只是开始:丰富的天然气资源以及较弱的美元是
一个长期趋势,在失业率低于6%之前,美国的人工成本将保持稳定。“美国制造业的离
岸外包已持续数十年,但重新回归的趋势仅仅开始了两三年。”
下面列出应该受益于这一趋势变化的八只股票。
1、西南能源公司(SWN)
廉价能源是制造商的福音,却是能源开采企业的诅咒;因此,投资者对受天然气价格猛
跌影响最大的能源生产企业避之唯恐不及。西南能源公司99%的产量和储备都是天然气
,当天然气价格逼近十年以来的最低点时,你可能以为这家休斯顿公司的管理者会急得
如同热锅上的蚂蚁。
但事实恰恰相反。这是因为西南能源公司的生产效率极高,生产成本很低。这家公司在
北卡罗亚纳州南部城市费耶特维尔(Fayetteville)有 926,000公顷的页岩气田,凭借密
井、一些自有钻井平台以及垂直一体化的服务保证了运营生产的稳定性。该公司在宾夕
法尼亚州马塞勒斯(Marcellus)也有187,000公顷的页岩气田。目前该公司的股价为34美
元,比同类公司稍高,但依然低于公司的净资产价值。
RS全球自然资源基金(RS Global Natural Resources Fund)的联席投资经理肯•
赛托斯(Ken Settles)预计,美国的天然气价格最终将达到五美元到六美元的水平。“
投资一个低成本生产商的好处在于,即使天然气价格低于长期可持续水平,西南能源公
司的资产依然在产生利润,为股东们创造价值。”
西南能源公司计划把2013年的天然气产量增加11%到13%,分析师预计其本年度的每股盈
利将攀升19%。如果天然气价格上扬,公司的利润增长将更为强劲,但投资者无须对此
翘首以盼,就能安享投资收益。
2、利安德巴塞尔工业公司(LYB)
化工厂对能源的需求极大,同时依赖于石油天然气提纯过程中的副产品作为原材料,如
乙烷、丁烷和丙烷等。因此,页岩气的大发展对其是一个双重利好消息,一方面提供了
廉价原料,另一方面提供了廉价能源。事实上,普华永道认为我们可能会开始看到越来
越多的基于塑料的替代品,以取代金属、玻璃或木材。这对杜邦公司(DuPont)和陶氏化
学公司(Dow Chemical)这样的多元化特种化工巨头企业是个好消息,陶氏化学正在投资
40亿美元提升产能,在得克萨斯州建造一个乙烯厂,预计招聘2,000名工人。
不过,T. Rowe Price基金公司的提姆•派克认为,原本利润率较小、趋于大众商
品化的基础化工企业能从廉价原料和能源的新格局中斩获更多。他推荐的股票是:利安
德巴塞尔工业公司。
这家公司总部位于荷兰鹿特丹(Rotterdam),从2010年4月的破产保护中浴火重生后,其
在纽约上市的股票大涨184%,近期的交易价格为62美元,基于2013年预计利润的市盈率
为10.7倍。利安德巴塞尔工业公司的管理团队正在提升公司盈利水平,并通过股票回购
和分红向股东返还本金。公司的股息率为2.6%,净利润率5.6%,超过同类公司3.7%的平
均水平。德意志银行(Deutsche Bank)的分析师大卫•贝格雷特(David Begleiter
)坚信,凭借新增加的产能、廉价的原料以及140亿美元的自由现金流,利安德巴塞尔工
业公司2016年的每股收益将达到10美元,股价有望突破100美元。
3、纽柯钢铁公司(NUE)
钢铁公司并非只是能源消耗大户,钢管和钢铁产品也是能源开采和运输的有机组成部分
,更不用说能源生产和基础设施建设了。纽柯钢铁公司99%的收入来源于美国市场,是
美国规模最大的小钢厂运营商和金属回收商,因此能够牢牢抓住美国能源优势和制造业
复苏所带来的商机。
钢铁行业困扰于产能过剩问题,股票价格随着喜怒无常的经济数据大幅波动,而纽柯钢
铁公司的股票与同类公司相比更具防御性。富国银行(Wells Fargo)钢铁板块分析师山
姆•达宾斯基(Sam Dubinsky)从长期角度看好这只股票,“理由是其具有精简的
成本结构以及灵活的产品多样性,从而推动其盈利水平处于同业领先地位”。在美国建
筑市场的触底过程中,纽柯钢铁公司已做好各方面的准备,健康的资产负债表和3.1%的
股息率进一步增加了该股票的吸引力(近期股价为47.78美元)。
4、都福集团(DOV)
美国真的准备好再次投身于制造业吗?美国制造工厂的平均年龄为15.5年,而设备的使
用时间接近六年。这两个指标都处于近50年来的最高位。美国钢铁协会(ISI)在一份报
告中这样写道:“设备和工厂老旧,因此需要进行大范围的更新换代。”美国钢铁协会
认为,未来五年内,资本支出在美国经济中的比重将从10.2%上升至14%,接近20世纪80
年代初的顶峰水平。这对都福集团来说是个好消息:这家大型企业集团生产各式各样的
工业产品──从制冷系统到特种水泵,从钻头到条形码设备等──因此能在美国的制造
业复苏中获益良多。
与其他经济敏感型股票相比,都福集团的产品更趋多元化和稳定性。管理层的资本运作
较为巧妙,购并企业,回购股票,将资本回报率提升至12.4%,达到十年来的最高水平
。其股息生息率为2.1%,其9.7%的利润率超过了行业平均水平。然而,其股价仅为67美
元,基于2013年预计利润的市盈率为12.8倍,低于市场平均市盈率,也低于其他机械类
股票的市盈率。
5、卡尔派恩公司(CPN)
卡尔派恩公司是美国最大的私营天然气发电企业,运营着好几家最先进、最高效的发电
站。仅在六年前,美国有近一半的电力来源于煤炭发电,但天然气发电的占比快速提升
,已从第五位上升至第三位,煤电则已日渐衰落。
美国正在不断转向更清洁的天然气,这也是《巴伦周刊》对这只股票青眼有加的原因之
一(详情参见2012年7月23日的文章《卡尔派恩蓄势待发》(Calpine Gets Ready to
Light Up))。公司还有闲置的天然气发电产能,因此能在煤电转为天然气发电的大潮
中稳坐钓鱼台。
该公司的股价为19美元,2013年每股预计利润为69美分,市盈率27.6倍。乍一看来,公
司的优势已经充分体现在股价当中,但这看似很高的市盈率依然低于其近五年来的中值
,而且该公司每股的自由现金流达到一美元,并在不断减少债务水平。RS全球自然资源
基金的联席投资经理麦肯齐•戴维斯(MacKenzie Davis)说:“当电力价格处于低
位时,卡尔派恩可以从产能效率不高的发电商那里获得更多的市场份额。而当电力价格
上涨时,公司的利润率和现金流还会进一步改善。”
6、CF工业控股公司(CF)
在化肥生产过程中,能源成本占到总成本的将近70%。蒙特利尔私人银行(BMO Private
Bank)首席投资长杰克•阿布林(Jack Ablin)认为,CF工业控股公司是天然气富足
时期的一个很大受益者。
该公司总部位于伊利诺伊州东北部城市迪尔菲尔德(Deerfield),主要生产氮肥和磷肥
,85%的收入来自于美国市场。目前的股价为226美元,超过同类公司,近两年来上涨了
73%,最近一次涨幅得益于旱灾所导致的玉米和大豆价格飙升。分析师担心公司盈利水
平达到周期顶点,因此下调这只股票的推荐评级;投资者也心神不宁,担心管理层耗资
38亿美元扩大氮肥产能会降低公司利润率,影响股票回购规模。
然而,股价回落对长期投资者来说反而是一个大好机会。低廉的天然气成本应该能让该
公司的营业毛利保持在接近50.1%的历史高位。玉米供应短缺、密西西比河水位下降以
及美国玉米带(Corn Belt)的持续干旱会对谷物价格和化肥价格形成支撑,CF的投资级
信用等级和低债务水平有助于让公司在有资金需求时以较低成本借贷资金。其股票基于
过去12个月利润的市盈率仅为8.2倍,远低于公司2005年上市以来12.3倍的市盈率中值。
7、威廉姆斯公司(WMB)
为什么天然气价格如此便宜,而美国开车一族不能在加油站享受到更低的油价?其中一
个原因在于,油价是由全球供需关系决定的。经过数十年进口石油的日子,我们需要重
新设计基础设置,以便销售美国国内生产的天然气。这对天然气管道运营商来说是个好
消息,有不少这类公司采取“业主有限合伙制企业”(MLP)的形式以达到避税目的,而
如果投资者不想纠缠于这种复杂的组织结构,可以选择它们的母公司进行投资。
威廉姆斯公司从事天然气的开采和运输工作,拥有同名MLP子公司Williams Partners
78%的股份。公司具有多元化的资产结构,股息率3.9%,并将从天然气运输及基础设施
建设的需求升温中获益。
不过,2012年是13年以来MLP投资回报率首次落后于股市整体水平的一年,原因是天然
气价格疲软,税收顾虑,以及多年盈利后的利润分配。
Williams Partners公司的投资回报率为6.6%,下降22%。母公司Williams的股价也较为
疲软,原因是Williams私营控股的Access Midstream Partners公司及其MLP投资了一个
22.5亿美元的复杂项目,而Williams专门增发股票为其融资。
不过,该交易提升了Williams在尤蒂卡(Utica)页岩区和马塞勒斯页岩区的话语权,并
为公司带来稳定的许可费收入,以缓解大宗商品价格波动对其产生的不利影响。
Williams的股价为34美元,投资者一度担心公司需要进一步融资,但其今年约16亿美元
的现金流超过了华尔街预测的8.16亿美元的调整后净收入,足以覆盖公司的各项支出,
从而确保Williams能够实现之前的承诺,即每年提高股息率20%,直至2015年。
8、联合太平洋铁路公司(UNP)
任何生产出来的产品都必须从工厂运往其他地方。铁路运营商堪萨斯城南方铁路(
Kansas City Southern)拥有的南北线路得天独厚,直接连接美国中西部和墨西哥,因
此能在美国一部分制造业移往墨西哥的过程中受益。不过,真正的铁路之王还是联合太
平洋铁路公司。
150年前,亚伯拉罕•林肯(Abraham Lincoln)签署了《太平洋铁路法案》(
Pacific Railway Act),联合太平洋铁路公司应运而生,其密集的铁路网络遍布密西西
比河以西的美国版图。Stephens资本管理公司的运输行业分析师布莱德•德尔科(
Brad Delco)认为,联合太平洋铁路公司是与汽车、化工和钢铁等能源敏感板块关联性
最强的铁路股票之一。该公司的铁路网络覆盖墨西哥湾岸区(Gulf Coast),拥有各家铁
路运营商中规模最大的化工产品运输权,占美国西部汽车及零备件运输量的75%,而其
在美国东海岸相对较少的线路使其能够避开煤电衰弱所带来的不利影响。
联合太平洋铁路公司的股票过去两年来已经上涨44%,达到133美元,是同类公司平均水
平的近两倍,其基于2013年预计利润的市盈率为14倍,稍高于同类公司,但还不到它自
己的历史平均水平。公司管理层将营运毛利率提升至36%,为十年来的最高值。股票的
股息率为2.1%;自1899年蒸汽机推动美国进入第一次工业现代化以来,该公司每年都支
付股息。在美国进入能源新时代之际,这家铁路巨头也已整装待发。
c*****g
发帖数: 21627
2
Excellent article
英文原文:
Barron's Cover | MONDAY, JANUARY 28, 2013
The Next Boom
By KOPIN TAN
Cheap natural gas and increasingly competitive labor costs are bringing
factories and jobs back to the U.S. Eight ways to win.
As the only industrialized superpower not decimated by World War II, the
United States once made nearly 40% of the planet's goods. These days, that
number has shrunk to 18%. We make American Girl dolls in China, Levi's jeans
in Mexico, and enough movies in Vancouver to nickname it Hollywood North.
After decades of outsourcing, however, the U.S. is quietly enjoying a
manufacturing revival, and companies like Apple (ticker: AAPL), Caterpillar
(CAT), Ford Motor (F), General Electric (GE), and Whirlpool (WHR) are making
more of their goods on American soil again. It isn't just U.S. companies
that are drawn to our cheap energy, weak dollar, and stagnant wages. Samsung
Electronics (005930.Korea) plans a $4 billion semiconductor plant in Texas,
Airbus SAS is building a factory in Alabama, and Toyota (TM) wants to
export minivans made in Indiana to Asia.
The Rust Belt owes its new shine to many factors, including rising wages and
industrial-land costs in Asia. But none is bigger than the U.S. energy boom
. Thanks to a head start in extracting oil and gas from shales, North
America now produces far more natural gas than any other continent. Unlike
oil, gas isn't easily transported across oceans, and a result is some of the
world's cheapest energy within our reach: Natural gas here costs $3.55 per
million British thermal units, versus roughly $12 in Europe and $16 in Japan
. Cheap energy not only reduces our trade deficit and our addiction to
Middle East oil, it also makes our factories more competitive globally -- a
boon for a country that had gone from exporting American goods to exporting
American jobs.
The biggest beneficiaries are energy-guzzling companies like chemical
producers and steelmakers, and Barron's has identified eight stocks that
should prosper in our gas-fueled manufacturing upswing. They are
Southwestern Energy, LyondellBasell Industries, Nucor, Dover, Calpine, CF
Industries, Williams, and Union Pacific. But any glow will also rub off on
regional lenders, home builders, and local small businesses. "The U.S. is
the Saudi Arabia of natural gas," declares Nancy Lazar, co-head of the New
York research firm International Strategy & Investment. "And Middle America
is my favorite emerging market."
Our energy boom got cracking with fracking, a controversial process in which
pressurized fluids are pumped through rock formations, often a mile or more
under the ground, to extract oil and gas. Critics condemn fracking, which
they contend causes environmental harm, but even they agree that it's led to
an abundance of cheap gas. Over the past six years, U.S. production of
petroleum and natural gas has jumped from 15 million barrels of oil-
equivalent a day to 20.1 million, a 20-year high. Over the same period,
imports have fallen from 14 million barrels a day to below eight million, a
25-year low.
It's a sign of the times: Graduates from the South Dakota School of Mines &
Technology -- acceptance rate: 88%; mascot: Grubby the Miner -- now command
a median starting salary 16% higher than that of Yalies.
By 2020, the U.S. will become the world's biggest oil producer, says the
International Energy Agency. By 2025, North America will be a net energy
exporter, predicts ExxonMobil (XOM).
That edge should remain ours for decades. "It isn't just the huge reserves
we have underground," says Tim Parker, who manages T. Rowe Price's natural-
resource stock portfolios. "No one else has our predictable cocktail of
infrastructure already in place, know-how, a relative abundance of water,
and a favorable royalty regime that give landowners a stake in the
exploration game." Europe, for instance, is averse to fracking and has
little infrastructure; Japan has hardly any shales; and while China has vast
reserves, only shales nudging the Yangtze River have enough water for
fracking.
Of course, an especially frigid winter could send gas prices soaring, but
any such spike should be temporary. Given our expanding reserves and record
inventory, commodity strategists expect U.S. natural gas to stay between $3
and $5 per million BTUs for years -- well below prices abroad.
CHEAP GAS ISN'T THE ONLY booster in our tank. In the decade since China
joined the World Trade Organization in 2001, that nation has become Earth's
low-cost factory. But wages and benefits there are rising 15% to 20% a year,
while they're stagnant here. Despite Beijing's efforts to hold it down, the
yuan has gained 33% against the dollar since 2005. Industrial land averages
$10.22 a square foot across China, but rises to $11.15 in the coastal city
of Ningbo and $21 in Shenzhen -- compared with $1.30 to $4.65 in Tennessee
and North Carolina. "Within five years, the total cost of producing many
products will be only about 10% to 15% less in Chinese coastal cities than
in parts of the U.S. where factories are likely to be built," says Hal
Sirkin, a senior partner at Boston Consulting Group. Add duties and shipping
, and the cost gap shrinks further.
Location-scouting manufacturers also are looking beyond mere costs. Moving
part of their supply chains closer to the U.S. -- still the world's biggest
consumer market -- helps companies react faster to changes and also speeds
innovation, says Gary Pisano, a Harvard Business School professor. Adds
Robert McCutcheon, who heads PricewaterhouseCoopers' U.S. industrials
practice: "You protect not just the intellectual property of your products,
but your processes as well."
Companies, of course, won't completely shutter overseas factories. U.S.
corporate taxes are still high, compared with many other countries', and
there's a limit to how many jobs will return, given advances in automation
and productivity. But BCG's Sirkin conservatively estimates that 2.5 million
to five million jobs will be added by 2020, which could shave two to three
percentage points from our unemployment rate, now near 7.8%. We'll also
expand exports, at the expense of higher-cost developed rivals, such as
Germany and Japan. And U.S. ports stand ready and idle, operating at just 54
% of capacity, well below 59% in Europe, 67% in Latin America, and 76% in
Southeast Asia.
Busier factories would help the entire country. For every dollar spent on
manufacturing, another $1.48 is added to the economy, says the National
Association of Manufacturers. Another bonus: Manufacturers account for two-
thirds of what the private sector spends on research and development.
And we've only just begun: Abundant gas and a weak dollar are long-term
trends, and U.S. wages should behave until unemployment falls well below 6%,
says Jeffrey Korzenik, chief investment strategist at Fifth Third Private
Bank. "Offshoring had gone on for decades, but the re-shoring trend is only
in year two or three."
Here are eight stocks that should benefit:
Southwestern Energy (SWN)
Cheap energy is a boon for manufacturers, but a curse for exploration
companies, and investors are shunning the producers most exposed to slumping
gas prices. With 99% of Southwestern's production and reserves in natural
gas, you'd think the Houston company's managers would be anxiously sweating
over prices near decade lows.
But they aren't. That's because Southwestern is a highly efficient, low-cost
producer. It works its 926,000 acres in the Fayetteville shale with
operational aplomb, using dense wells, some of its own rigs, and vertically
integrated services. The company has another 187,000 acres in the Marcellus
shale. At $34, its shares trade at a small premium to its gassy peers but
still a discount to its net asset value.
Ken Settles, who co-manages the RS Global Natural Resources Fund, expects
gas prices to hit $5 to $6 eventually. "But the benefit of focusing on a low
-cost producer is that, even with gas prices below sustainable long-term
levels, Southwestern's assets are still profitable and creating value for
its owners."
Southwestern plans to increase 2013 production by 11% to 13%, and analysts
see its per-share profit climbing 19% this year. Earnings will grow even
more if natural-gas prices rally, but you won't sweat waiting for that to
happen.
LyondellBasell Industries (LYB)
Chemical makers guzzle energy and also rely on byproducts from oil and gas
purification -- stuff like ethane, butane, and propane -- for raw materials.
So the shale boom delivers a double blessing of cheap feedstock and energy.
In fact, PwC thinks that we might start seeing more plastic-based
substitutes for materials like metal, glass, or wood. That's good news for
diversified specialty-chemical giants like DuPont (DD), and also Dow
Chemical (DOW), which is investing $4 billion to boost production and build
an ethylene plant in Texas that could hire 2,000 workers.
Still, Tim Parker of T. Rowe Price says that the narrower profit margins of
more commoditized base-chemical companies might see a bigger boost from the
new world order of cheaper feedstock and energy. His pick: LyondellBasell.
Since the Rotterdam-based company emerged from bankruptcy in April 2010, its
New York-listed shares have climbed 184%. The shares, recently trading at $
62, fetch 10.7 times 2013 profits. LyondellBasell's management team is
boosting earnings and returning capital to shareholders through share
buybacks and dividends. The stock yields 2.6%. And net profit margins of 5.6
% trump the 3.7% average of its peers. With new capacity, cheap feedstock
and $14 billion in free cash flow, it can earn $10 a share by 2016 and
become a $100 stock, Deutsche Bank analyst David Begleiter maintains.
Nucor (NUE)
Steel-making isn't just another energy-intensive business. Steel pipes and
products are integral to energy exploration and transportation, not to
mention manufacturing and construction. With 99% of its revenue earned in
America, Nucor, the largest U.S. minimill operator and metals recycler, is
well-hitched to that energy and manufacturing boom.
The steel industry is vexed by excess capacity, and its volatile stocks
surge or slide with temperamental economic data. So it helps that Nucor is
more defensive than its peers. Wells Fargo steel analyst Sam Dubinsky favors
it over the long haul, "due to its lean cost structure and product
diversity, both of which have resulted in earnings at the high head of the
peer group." Nucor also is most levered to the bottoming construction market
. A healthy balance sheet and a 3.1% dividend yield further burnish the
appeal of its stock, recently at $47.78.
Dover (DOV)
Is the U.S. really ready to make more things again? The average age of our
manufacturing plants is 15.5 years, while our equipment has been around
almost six years. Both are near five-decade highs. "Old equipment and
manufacturing plants suggest the need for a large replacement cycle," writes
ISI. Over the next five years, the research firm expects capital
expenditure's share of the economy to rise from 10.2% to 14%, putting it
near its early 1980s peak. That's good news for Dover. The conglomerate
makes a vast array of industrial products -- from refrigeration systems and
specialty pumps to drill bits and bar-code equipment -- making it a proxy
for our manufacturing boomlet.
Compared with other economically sensitive stocks, Dover is more diverse and
more stable. Management has allocated capital shrewdly, making acquisitions
, buying back shares, and lifting return on capital to 12.4% -- a decade
high. Dover has a 2.1% dividend yield, and its 9.7% profit margin trumps the
sector's average. Yet its shares, at $67, trade at 12.8 times 2013 profits,
a discount to the market and other machinery stocks.
Calpine (CPN)
Calpine is the largest independent U.S. producer of gas-powered electricity,
and runs some of the newest, most efficient plants. Just six years ago,
nearly half the nation's power came from coal. But gas' share has swiftly
risen from a fifth to a third, while coal's has waned.
The ongoing switch to cleaner natural-gas-generated electricity is one
reason why Barron's has been bullish about the stock (see "Calpine Gets
Ready to Light Up," July 23, 2012). The company also has unused capacity
that puts it in the driver's seat as utilities replace decades-old coal
plants.
At first blush, that advantage seems well reflected in the shares, which, at
$19, fetch 27.6 times 2013 profit estimates of 69 cents a share. But that
seemingly lofty multiple is below its median over the past five years, and
Calpine is generating more than $1 a share in free cash flow and continuing
to pay down debt. "When power prices are low, Calpine benefits by taking
market share from less-efficient producers," says MacKenzie Davis, who co-
manages the RS Global Natural Resources Fund. "But it also benefits if power
prices rise, since margins and cash flow will improve."
CF Industries (CF)
Energy can account for nearly 70% of the cost of producing fertilizer, and
Jack Ablin, BMO Private Bank's chief investment officer, singles out CF
Industries as a big beneficiary of plentiful natural gas.
The company, which produces nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers, earns 85% of
its revenue in the U.S. Shares of Deerfield, Ill.-based CF, at $226, have
outrun their peers and climbed 73% over the past two years, the latest leg
coming as drought sent corn and soybean prices soaring. Fearful that
cyclical earnings have peaked, analysts are downgrading the stock, and
investors fret that margins and share buybacks will suffer as management
spends $3.8 billion to expand its nitrogen capacity.
But any pullback is an opportunity for long-term investors. Cheap gas costs
should keep operating margins near a record 50.1%. Tight corn supplies, low
water levels in the Mississippi, and a still-dry Corn Belt should support
grain and fertilizer prices, and CF's investment-grade credit rating and low
debt let it borrow money cheaply should it need to. Its stock trades at
just 8.2 times what CF earned over the past 12 months, well below the 12.3
times median since it went public in 2005.
Williams (WMB)
So why aren't American drivers enjoying a bigger windfall at the pump? For
one thing, global demand dictates gasoline prices. After decades of ferrying
imported oil, our infrastructure also needs to be re-oriented toward
redistributing domestically produced natural gas. That benefits master
limited partnerships that operate pipelines, and for investors who want to
avoid MLPs' complex tax-filing regimes, their parent companies.
Williams gathers and transports natural gas, and owns 78% of its namesake
MLP, Williams Partners (WPZ). It has diverse assets, pays a 3.9% yield, and
thrives as demand increases for natural-gas processing and infrastructure.
However, 2012 was the first year in the past 13 in which MLP returns trailed
the overall stock market's, thanks to weak gas prices, tax concerns, and
profit-taking after years of gains.
Williams Partners, which sports a 6.6% yield, fell 22%. Shares of its parent
also struggled after it issued stock to help finance a complicated $2.25
billion investment in privately held Access Midstream Partners and the MLP
it controls.
Still, the deal boosts Williams' position in the Utica and Marcellus shales,
and adds steady fee income that tempers Williams' exposure to fluctuating
commodity prices. Investors fret that Williams, which trades at $34, may
have to raise more money, but cash flow of about $1.6 billion this year
exceeds the adjusted net income of $816 million that Wall Street expects and
should more than cover payouts, letting Williams deliver on its promise to
increase dividends at a 20% annual rate through 2015.
Union Pacific (UNP)
All manufactured goods must move from the factories in which they're made to
somewhere else. Kansas City Southern (KSU), which has a unique North-South
network linking the Midwest with Mexico, could benefit from any spillover of
manufacturing south of our border. But the king of rail remains Union
Pacific.
Spawned 150 years ago, after Abraham Lincoln signed the Pacific Railway Act,
Union Pacific's dense network blankets the map west of the Mississippi.
Stephens' transportation analyst Brad Delco flags Union Pacific as one of
the rail stocks most exposed to energy-intensive groups like autos,
chemicals, and steel. It hugs the Gulf Coast, has the largest U.S. chemical
franchise among rail carriers, and hogs 75% of the western U.S. traffic for
assembled autos and parts. Its relative absence along the East Coast further
shields it from coal's dying embers.
Union Pacific shares have run up 44%, to $133, over the past two years,
nearly twice as much as the rail group has. But the stock trades at 14 times
projected profits, a small premium to its peers, and no higher than its own
historical average. Management has lifted operating margins to a decade-
high 36%. The stock boasts a 2.1% yield, and the company has paid a dividend
every year since 1899, when the steam engine propelled the U.S. to its
first industrial boom. The rail giant's in great shape for the next one
a**e
发帖数: 8800
3
民主党是不会让这些实现的

【在 l****z 的大作中提到】
: 作为唯一没有遭受二战荼毒之灾的工业化强国,美国曾经生产出这个星球近40%的商品
: 。如今,这一比例已降至18%。我们把美国女孩(American Girl)洋娃娃交给中国制造,
: 把李维斯(Levi's)牛仔裤交给墨西哥制造,甚至把许多电影放到加拿大温哥华去拍摄,
: 以至于可以把那里称之为“北好莱坞”(Hollywood North)。
: 然而,在经历了长达数十年的外包之后,如今美国正悄悄兴起一场制造业的复兴。苹果
: (Apple)、卡特彼勒(Caterpillar)、福特汽车(Ford Motor)、通用电气(General
: Electric)、惠而浦(Whirlpool)等公司在美国本土生产的商品越来越多。受到廉价能源
: 、弱势美元和停滞薪酬吸引的不只是美国企业,三星电子(Samsung Electronics)计划
: 在得克萨斯州投资40亿美元建造一座半导体工厂,空客公司(Airbus SAS)正在阿拉巴马
: 州建造一座工厂,丰田汽车(Toyota)想在印第安那州生产厢式旅行车,然后出口到亚洲。

g***y
发帖数: 1268
4
只要FED继续印钱,就投资能源业以外的实业就是傻子。拿钱炒股炒房比投资实业来钱
容易多了。
就像温家宝四万亿,说是给国企投资,其实都去炒房地产了,然后私企发现投资生产不
合算,也都把钱拿去炒房地产。
倒是页岩气如果大爆发,天然气价格剧烈下降,将改变中国很多。
首先现在中国东南沿海天然气发电成本略高于煤炭发电,如果进口天然气价格剧降,热
电厂改烧天然气,对于污染将是很大缓解,至少是南方不集体供热地区。
其次中国必然也将大幅度发展页岩气,但是高资金技术投入和高产出将把能源业变成高
科技行业。这将摧毁能源国企的legitimacy. 能源业私有化将是未来的趋势。

【在 l****z 的大作中提到】
: 作为唯一没有遭受二战荼毒之灾的工业化强国,美国曾经生产出这个星球近40%的商品
: 。如今,这一比例已降至18%。我们把美国女孩(American Girl)洋娃娃交给中国制造,
: 把李维斯(Levi's)牛仔裤交给墨西哥制造,甚至把许多电影放到加拿大温哥华去拍摄,
: 以至于可以把那里称之为“北好莱坞”(Hollywood North)。
: 然而,在经历了长达数十年的外包之后,如今美国正悄悄兴起一场制造业的复兴。苹果
: (Apple)、卡特彼勒(Caterpillar)、福特汽车(Ford Motor)、通用电气(General
: Electric)、惠而浦(Whirlpool)等公司在美国本土生产的商品越来越多。受到廉价能源
: 、弱势美元和停滞薪酬吸引的不只是美国企业,三星电子(Samsung Electronics)计划
: 在得克萨斯州投资40亿美元建造一座半导体工厂,空客公司(Airbus SAS)正在阿拉巴马
: 州建造一座工厂,丰田汽车(Toyota)想在印第安那州生产厢式旅行车,然后出口到亚洲。

r******9
发帖数: 234
5
这一层就不用担心了,民主党再二也不可能二到那种程度。如果美国真的成为天然气的
沙特阿拉伯,政府必然会把能源出口牢牢抓在手心里。到时欧洲和日本的企业要想不被
宰,只有在美国设厂,美国就业问题有效解决,可保经济稳定数十年。届时欧美自由贸
易区和TPP都已经启动,美国普通工人,一辈子不出国旅游的那种,又能享有几十年的
好日子。倒是频繁旅游的中产,可能不得不忍受美元长期走软的趋势了

【在 g***y 的大作中提到】
: 只要FED继续印钱,就投资能源业以外的实业就是傻子。拿钱炒股炒房比投资实业来钱
: 容易多了。
: 就像温家宝四万亿,说是给国企投资,其实都去炒房地产了,然后私企发现投资生产不
: 合算,也都把钱拿去炒房地产。
: 倒是页岩气如果大爆发,天然气价格剧烈下降,将改变中国很多。
: 首先现在中国东南沿海天然气发电成本略高于煤炭发电,如果进口天然气价格剧降,热
: 电厂改烧天然气,对于污染将是很大缓解,至少是南方不集体供热地区。
: 其次中国必然也将大幅度发展页岩气,但是高资金技术投入和高产出将把能源业变成高
: 科技行业。这将摧毁能源国企的legitimacy. 能源业私有化将是未来的趋势。

x****o
发帖数: 29677
6

美国得比中东便宜才行

【在 r******9 的大作中提到】
: 这一层就不用担心了,民主党再二也不可能二到那种程度。如果美国真的成为天然气的
: 沙特阿拉伯,政府必然会把能源出口牢牢抓在手心里。到时欧洲和日本的企业要想不被
: 宰,只有在美国设厂,美国就业问题有效解决,可保经济稳定数十年。届时欧美自由贸
: 易区和TPP都已经启动,美国普通工人,一辈子不出国旅游的那种,又能享有几十年的
: 好日子。倒是频繁旅游的中产,可能不得不忍受美元长期走软的趋势了

g***y
发帖数: 1268
7
现在的趋势不是美国变成天然气的沙特阿拉伯,而是天然气是否有可能变成下一个cpu
产业,或者cellphone产业?
页岩气哪里都有,不是美国独享。页岩气也不像沙特的石油,或者山西的煤矿,或者西
部的金矿,拿个小铲子,谁挖谁发财,谁占到地谁发财。
页岩气的关键是谁能够用最低的价格把气从地底逼出来。上次看好像美国一口井只要三
千万人民币,而中国国企要一亿。
所以这个game是谁有技术,谁成本低,谁发财。
希望能源产业变成high tech,靠R&D, 知识产权,资本运作。这样这个世界将少很多战
争,少很多tyranny.
沙特王室,chavez, 霍梅尼,俄罗斯大亨,维族,这些觉得上天独厚他们的家伙,希望
他们赖以生存的油田变成胡伟武的龙芯。

【在 r******9 的大作中提到】
: 这一层就不用担心了,民主党再二也不可能二到那种程度。如果美国真的成为天然气的
: 沙特阿拉伯,政府必然会把能源出口牢牢抓在手心里。到时欧洲和日本的企业要想不被
: 宰,只有在美国设厂,美国就业问题有效解决,可保经济稳定数十年。届时欧美自由贸
: 易区和TPP都已经启动,美国普通工人,一辈子不出国旅游的那种,又能享有几十年的
: 好日子。倒是频繁旅游的中产,可能不得不忍受美元长期走软的趋势了

a***s
发帖数: 5417
8
难,
大锅饭的工会保护法律不实质性改变的话,高成本低效率将永远
使美国制造业竞争力低下。
我现在倾向于相信不崩溃就无法重建的概念。
美国这个帝国,衰落是不会导致改过自新的,因为现在已经在liberal
的道路上走太远了,而且人口构成也发生了永久性的不可回头的改变。
只有帝国崩溃,才可能获得重生。是更好的重生,还是差一点的,
就不知道了。

【在 l****z 的大作中提到】
: 作为唯一没有遭受二战荼毒之灾的工业化强国,美国曾经生产出这个星球近40%的商品
: 。如今,这一比例已降至18%。我们把美国女孩(American Girl)洋娃娃交给中国制造,
: 把李维斯(Levi's)牛仔裤交给墨西哥制造,甚至把许多电影放到加拿大温哥华去拍摄,
: 以至于可以把那里称之为“北好莱坞”(Hollywood North)。
: 然而,在经历了长达数十年的外包之后,如今美国正悄悄兴起一场制造业的复兴。苹果
: (Apple)、卡特彼勒(Caterpillar)、福特汽车(Ford Motor)、通用电气(General
: Electric)、惠而浦(Whirlpool)等公司在美国本土生产的商品越来越多。受到廉价能源
: 、弱势美元和停滞薪酬吸引的不只是美国企业,三星电子(Samsung Electronics)计划
: 在得克萨斯州投资40亿美元建造一座半导体工厂,空客公司(Airbus SAS)正在阿拉巴马
: 州建造一座工厂,丰田汽车(Toyota)想在印第安那州生产厢式旅行车,然后出口到亚洲。

r******9
发帖数: 234
9
页岩油气开采需要的所谓高技术,随便谁都能掌握,就像上个世纪90年代的IT革命一样
,只要有资源,东欧人都能做出来。这技术类似软件开发,不像CPU门槛那么高。页岩
油气开采需要几个条件,一是矿产资源,二是充足的水,三是大块人烟稀少的土地。都
满足这些条件的,世界主要经济体,目前只有美国。欧洲和中国都是人口密集没有地方
,日本根本就没有。澳洲不算,因为它充其量只算个富国,而不算主要经济体。由于南
北半球差异和人口等问题,也不会有什么人跑去澳洲设厂。俄罗斯和中东有资源,但是
没有制造业。因为能源优势,美国将来将会是世界上最吸引制造业的地区。在这场革命
中,真正的得到实惠的是美国的蓝领工人,不会是中产。

cpu

【在 g***y 的大作中提到】
: 现在的趋势不是美国变成天然气的沙特阿拉伯,而是天然气是否有可能变成下一个cpu
: 产业,或者cellphone产业?
: 页岩气哪里都有,不是美国独享。页岩气也不像沙特的石油,或者山西的煤矿,或者西
: 部的金矿,拿个小铲子,谁挖谁发财,谁占到地谁发财。
: 页岩气的关键是谁能够用最低的价格把气从地底逼出来。上次看好像美国一口井只要三
: 千万人民币,而中国国企要一亿。
: 所以这个game是谁有技术,谁成本低,谁发财。
: 希望能源产业变成high tech,靠R&D, 知识产权,资本运作。这样这个世界将少很多战
: 争,少很多tyranny.
: 沙特王室,chavez, 霍梅尼,俄罗斯大亨,维族,这些觉得上天独厚他们的家伙,希望

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