P****R
发帖数: 22479 | 1 如果要启动宪法「第25修正案」，副总统是居关键主导地位。(Getty Images)
麻州联邦参议员华伦6日提议不要浪费时间，根据宪法第25修正案，免职川普总统。(
Getty Images)
「纽约时报」发表川普政府一个资深官员露骨的匿名投书，透露白宫内部存在「宁静反
抗」的势力，助理努力阻挠毫无原则的川普总统和他「最糟糕的倾向」，以保护美国的
民主体制；投书并曾引用宪法第25修正案，暗示内阁可以藉此集体要求川普总统下台，
引发宪政危机的探讨。
倒川派参议员吁官员发动罢黜
「政府官员都宣誓维护宪法，现在是他们负起职责的时候。」民主党国会参议员伊丽莎
白‧华伦(Elizabeth Warren，麻州)6日敦促白宫官员罢黜不适任总统的川普，「
如果内阁认为总统不适任，却拒绝遵守宪法规定，就已是宪政危机。」
华伦不同意引用第25修正案罢黜总统，会使川普的支持者认为这是职业官僚形成的「深
层政府」发动政变，并引发宪政危机。
但华伦也不赞同匿名投书的作法；她说，「内阁阁员应停止躲在匿名投书背后，以及向
伍华德洩密，夸口他们正试图保全国家，应该遵照宪法为所当为。」
总统无法履行职务 由副总统代理
曾任欧巴马政府国务卿的柯瑞也说，这篇投书进一步证实川普总统政权「脱轨」，「这
才是真正的宪政危机。」
投书中宣称内阁曾出现引用宪法第25修正案的「耳语」；这个修正案让内阁阁员在相信
总统不适任时，能够集体通知国会予以罢黜。
美国宪法第25修正案1967年生效，其中第四条规定，美国副总统和过半内阁成员可向国
会提出书面声明，宣称总统无法履行职务，由副总统代理总统。
若总统无法提出异议，则由副总统持续代理；若总统提出异议，则必须由参众两院进行
表决，若国会两院都有超过三分之二议员认为总统无法履行职责，才能由副总统取代总
统。
总统可提异议个过程相当複杂
如果要动用此修正案，加上总统可提出异议这个变数，整个过程相当複杂，美国从未用
此方式拉下现任总统；而此一修正案也仅在电视影集「指定存活者」(Designated
Survivor)、电影「空军一号」(Air Force One)等剧情中出现过。
这篇投书出现前一天，「华盛顿邮报」著名资深记者伍华德描述川普政府的新书书摘，
才呈现白宫深陷严重危机。
书中描述助理在幕后拼命防止川普乱来，甚至把他取消贸易协定的文件偷偷拿走，而且
不理会他指示国防部杀掉叙利亚强人阿塞德的命令。
儘管如此，专家仍不愿轻言宪政危机。
专家：恐怕比透过国会弹核还
美利坚大学总统研究专家塞柏说：「这是持续不断的政治和领导危机，不过这还不是宪
政危机。」
维吉尼亚大学政治学家萨巴托同意说：「我们甚至不知道这篇投书的作者是谁，而要妥
善评估不能不知道这点。」
塞柏相信川普不会面对宪法第25修正案逼宫，萨巴托也指出，藉此逼宫的程序非常麻烦
，必须通知国会，说明内阁何以认为总统不适任，而国会两院必须分别以三分之二多数
通过，才能把总统赶走，由副总统接任。
布鲁金斯研究所专家哈达克说，这个程序比弹核还难。 |
y****i
发帖数: 12114 | 2 Section 4: Vice Presidential–Cabinet declaration[edit]
Section 4 addresses the situation where an incapacitated President is unable
or unwilling to provide the written declaration called for by Section 3. It
allows the Vice President, together with a "majority of either the
principal officers of the executive departments or of such other body as
Congress may by law provide", to declare the President "unable to discharge
the powers and duties of his office" by submitting a written declaration to
the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of
Representatives. As with Section 3, the Vice President would become Acting
President, not President, and the sitting President would not be removed
from office. Unlike Section 3, Section 4 says that when invoked the Vice
President "immediately" becomes Acting President. Section 4 is the only part
of the amendment that has never been invoked.[21]
A President who is declared unable to serve under Section 4 may thereafter
send a written declaration of ability to serve to the President pro tempore
and the Speaker of the House. If the Acting President and a majority of the
Cabinet still believe the President is incapacitated, they have four days to
send a second declaration to that effect to the President pro tempore of
the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives. If not already
in session, the Congress must then assemble within 48 hours to decide the
issue. If within 21 days two-thirds of each house of Congress vote that the
President is incapacitated, the Vice President would "continue" to be Acting
President. Should the Congress resolve the issue in favor of the President,
or make no decision within the 21 days allotted, then the President would "
resume" powers and duties. The use of the words "continue" and "resume"
imply that the Vice President remains Acting President pending action by the
Cabinet and Congress, and the legislative history of Section 4 makes it
clear that its drafters meant for the Vice President to do so.[22] Otherwise
, the President could simply retake power and immediately fire Cabinet
members who voted to declare the President unfit, preventing the dispute
from ever reaching Congress as the drafters intended.
Nothing in Section 4 limits the number of times a President may initiate the
process to resume his or her powers and duties by sending a written
declaration to Congress.
According to a Department of Justice memorandum dating from 1985,[23] the
phrase "principal officers of the executive departments" refers to the heads
of the departments enumerated in federal law at 5 U.S.C 101. As of 2018,
this list consists of the following fifteen officers:[24]
重点：Nothing in Section 4 limits the number of times a President may
initiate the process to resume his or her powers and duties by sending a
written declaration to Congress. |
t*****9
发帖数: 10416 | 3 脱裤子放p的事儿吗？国会2/3通过就可以弹劾总统，根本不需要内阁 提出 ～～
“若国会两院都有超过三分之二议员认为总统无法履行职责，才能由副总统取代总
统。” |
l*******k
发帖数: 922 | 4 我理解是弹劾需要有犯罪事实。这个修正案规定的情况不需要有犯罪。比如总统突然老
年痴呆。
这些都是主党一厢情愿的美梦而已。
【在 t*****9 的大作中提到】
: 脱裤子放p的事儿吗？国会2/3通过就可以弹劾总统，根本不需要内阁 提出 ～～
: “若国会两院都有超过三分之二议员认为总统无法履行职责，才能由副总统取代总
: 统。”
|
b*d
发帖数: 285 | 5 大家别骂川普了。应该晓以大义，让他主动辞职。这样的成功概率远大于民主党的其他
花招。 |
t*****9
发帖数: 10416 | 6 ｍｍｐ，川胖花了自己的６０００万刀拉选总统成功，脑袋被门板夹了才会主动辞职
【在 b*d 的大作中提到】
: 大家别骂川普了。应该晓以大义，让他主动辞职。这样的成功概率远大于民主党的其他
: 花招。
|
d***c
发帖数: 1 | 7 神经病们一天到晚鼓噪些离奇的故事来摧毁美国，这些国会议员后面的选民都他妈有病
。 |
a******5
发帖数: 2062 | 8 罢免或弹劾都不容易，2/3 的国会议员同意的门槛不容易过，除非犯了明显的罪或错误
。川普应该可以安度四年。但拜托可别八年，否则老子迟早被他恶心死！ |
