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1
Charged-particle multiplicities in pp interactions at View the MathML source
measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHCstar, open, star, openstar, open
121a, 121b, S. Zenz14, D. Zerwas114, G. Zevi della Porta57, Z. Zhan32d, H.
Zhang83, J. Zhang5, Q. Zhang5, X. Zhang32d, L. Zhao107, T. Zhao137, Z.
Zhao32b, A. Zhemchugov65, S. Zheng32a, J. Zhong149, z, B. Zhou87, N. Zhou34,
Y. Zhou149, C.G. Zhu32d, H. Zhu41, Y. Zhu170, X. Zhuang98, V. Zhuravlov99,
B. Zilka143a, R. Zimmermann20, S. Zimmermann20, S. Zimmermann48, M.
Ziolkowski140, R. Zitoun4, L. Živković34, V.V. Zmouchko127, low
asterisk, G. Zobernig170, A. Zoccoli19a, 19b, Y. Zolnierowski4, A. Zsenei29,
M. zur Nedden15 and V. Zutshi5
1 University at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222, United States
2 University of Alberta, Department of Physics, Centre for Particle Physics,
Edmonton, AB T6G 2G7, Canada
4 LAPP, Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, Annecy-le-Vieux, France
5 Argonne National Laboratory, High Energy Physics Division, 9700 S. Cass
Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, United States
6 University of Arizona, Department of Physics, Tucson, AZ 85721, United
States
7 The University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Physics, P.O. Box
19059, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
8 University of Athens, Nuclear & Particle Physics, Department of Physics,
Panepistimiopouli, Zografou, GR 15771, Athens, Greece
9 National Technical University of Athens, Physics Department, 9-Iroon
Polytechniou, GR 15780, Zografou, Greece
10 Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences, H. Javid Avenue 33,
AZ 143 Baku, Azerbaijan
100 Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, 536 Aba-machi, JP - Nagasaki 851-
0193, Japan
101 Nagoya University, Graduate School of Science, Furo-Cho, Chikusa-ku,
Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
102a INFN Sezione di Napoli, Italy
102b Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Complesso
Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, via Cinthia, IT-80126 Napoli, Italy
103 University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and Astronomy, MSC07
4220, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States
104 Radboud University Nijmegen/NIKHEF, Department of Experimental High
Energy Physics, Heyendaalseweg 135, NL-6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
105 Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, and University of
Amsterdam, Science Park 105, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands
106 Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP), RU - Novosibirsk 630 090,
Russia
107 New York University, Department of Physics, 4 Washington Place, New York
, NY 10003, United States
108 Ohio State University, 191 West Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210-1117,
United States
109 Okayama University, Faculty of Science, Tsushimanaka 3-1-1, Okayama 700-
8530, Japan
11 Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, IFAE, Edifici Cn, Universitat Autò
noma de Barcelona, ES-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
110 University of Oklahoma, Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and
Astronomy, 440 West Brooks, Room 100, Norman, OK 73019-0225, United States
111 Oklahoma State University, Department of Physics, 145 Physical Sciences
Building, Stillwater, OK 74078-3072, United States
112 Palacký University, 17.listopadu 50a, 772 07 Olomouc, Czech
Republic
113 University of Oregon, Center for High Energy Physics, Eugene, OR 97403-
1274, United States
114 LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, IN2P3/CNRS, Orsay, France
115 Osaka University, Graduate School of Science, Machikaneyama-machi 1-1,
Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
116 University of Oslo, Department of Physics, P.O. Box 1048, Blindern, NO-
0316 Oslo 3, Norway
117 Oxford University, Department of Physics, Denys Wilkinson Building,
Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
118a INFN Sezione di Pavia, Italy
118b Università di Pavia, Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica, Via
Bassi 6, IT-27100 Pavia, Italy
119 University of Pennsylvania, Department of Physics, High Energy Physics
Group, 209 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
120 Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, RU-188 300 Gatchina, Russia
121a INFN Sezione di Pisa, Italy
121b Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Fisica E. Fermi, Largo B.
Pontecorvo 3, IT-56127 Pisa, Italy
122 University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 3941 O'
Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
123a Laboratorio de Instrumentacao e Fisica Experimental de Particulas - LIP
, Avenida Elias Garcia 14-1, PT 1000-149 Lisboa, Portugal
123b Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Fisica Teorica y del Cosmos and
CAFPE, E-18071 Granada, Spain
124 Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na
Slovance 2, CZ-18221 Praha 8, Czech Republic
125 Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics,
Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, V Holesovickach 2, CZ-18000 Praha
8, Czech Republic
126 Czech Technical University in Prague, Zikova 4, CZ-166 35 Praha 6, Czech
Republic
127 State Research Center Institute for High Energy Physics, Pobeda street 1
, 142281 Protvino, Moscow Region, Russia
128 Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities
Council, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, United
Kingdom
129 University of Regina, Physics Department, Canada
12a University of Belgrade, Institute of Physics, P.O. Box 57, 11001
Belgrade, Serbia
12b Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Mihajla Petrovica Alasa 12-14,
11001 Belgrade, Serbia
13 University of Bergen, Department for Physics and Technology, Allegaten 55
, NO-5007 Bergen, Norway
130 Ritsumeikan University, Noji Higashi 1 chome 1-1, JP - Kusatsu, Shiga
525-8577, Japan
131a INFN Sezione di Roma I, Italy
131b Università La Sapienza, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazzale A. Moro 2, IT
-00185 Roma, Italy
132a INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Italy
132b Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento di Fisica, via della
Ricerca Scientifica, IT-00133 Roma, Italy
133a INFN Sezione di Roma Tre, Italy
133b Università Roma Tre, Dipartimento di Fisica, via della Vasca Navale 84
, IT-00146 Roma, Italy
134a Réseau Universitaire de Physique des Hautes Energies (RUPHE):
Université Hassan II, Faculté des Sciences Ain Chock, B.P. 5366, MA -
Casablanca, Morocco
134b Centre National de l'Energie des Sciences Techniques Nucleaires (
CNESTEN), B.P. 1382 R.P. 10001 Rabat 10001, Morocco
134c Université Mohamed Premier, LPTPM, Faculté des Sciences, B.P.717. Bd.
Mohamed VI, 60000 Oujda, Morocco
134d Université Mohammed V, Faculté des Sciences, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta,
BP 1014 RP, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
135 CEA, DSM/IRFU, Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, FR-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette,
France
136 University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Institute for Particle
Physics (SCIPP), Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
137 University of Washington, Seattle, Department of Physics, P.O. Box
351560, Seattle, WA 98195-1560, United States
138 University of Sheffield, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Hounsfield
Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
139 Shinshu University, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, 3-1-1
Asahi, Matsumoto-shi, JP - Nagano 390-8621, Japan
14 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California,
Physics Division, MS50B-6227, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, United
States
140 Universität Siegen, Fachbereich Physik, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
141 Simon Fraser University, Department of Physics, 8888 University Drive,
CA - Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
142 SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford, CA 94309, United States
143a Comenius University, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics & Informatics,
Mlynska dolina F2, SK-84248 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
143b Institute of Experimental Physics of the Slovak Academy of Sciences,
Dept. of Subnuclear Physics, Watsonova 47, SK-04353 Kosice, Slovak Republic
144a Stockholm University, Department of Physics, Sweden
144b The Oskar Klein Centre, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
145 Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Physics Department, SE-106 91
Stockholm, Sweden
146 Stony Brook University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Nicolls
Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, United States
147 University of Sussex, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey 2
Building, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
148 University of Sydney, School of Physics, AU - Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
149 Insitute of Physics, Academia Sinica, TW - Taipei 11529, Taiwan
15 Humboldt University, Institute of Physics, Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, D-12489
Berlin, Germany
150 Technion, Israel Inst. of Technology, Department of Physics, Technion
City, IL - Haifa 32000, Israel
151 Tel Aviv University, Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and
Astronomy, Ramat Aviv, IL - Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
152 Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Science, Department of
Physics, Division of Nuclear & Particle Physics, University Campus, GR-54124
Thessaloniki, Greece
153 The University of Tokyo, International Center for Elementary Particle
Physics and Department of Physics, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, JP - Tokyo 113-
0033, Japan
154 Tokyo Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Science and Technology
, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
155 Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H-34 O-Okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-
8551, Japan
156 University of Toronto, Department of Physics, 60 Saint George Street,
Toronto M5S 1A7, Ontario, Canada
157a TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 2A3, Canada
157b York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 4700 Keele St.,
Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
158 University of Tsukuba, Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, 1-1-1
Tennoudai, Tsukuba-shi, JP - Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
159 Tufts University, Science & Technology Center, 4 Colby Street, Medford,
MA 02155, United States
16 University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics,
Laboratory for High Energy Physics, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern,
Switzerland
160 Universidad Antonio Narino, Centro de Investigaciones, Cra 3 Este No.47A
-15, Bogota, Colombia
161 University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics & Astronomy, CA
92697-4575, United States
162a INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine, Italy
162b ICTP, Strada Costiera 11, IT-34014 Trieste, Italy
162c Università di Udine, Dipartimento di Fisica, via delle Scienze 208, IT
-33100 Udine, Italy
163 University of Illinois, Department of Physics, 1110 West Green Street,
Urbana, IL 61801, United States
164 University of Uppsala, Department of Physics and Astronomy, P.O. Box 516
, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
165 Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), Centro Mixto UVEG-CSIC, Apdo.
22085 ES-46071 Valencia, Dept. Física At. Mol. y Nuclear, Univ. of Valencia
, and Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM-CSIC), 08193
Bellaterra Barcelona, Spain
166 University of British Columbia, Department of Physics, 6224 Agricultural
Road, CA - Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z1, Canada
167 University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, P.O. Box
3055, Victoria B.C., V8W 3P6, Canada
168 Waseda University, WISE, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
169 The Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Particle Physics, P.O.
Box 26, IL 76100, Rehovot, Israel
17 University of Birmingham, School of Physics and Astronomy, Edgbaston,
Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
170 University of Wisconsin, Department of Physics, 1150 University Avenue,
Madison, WI 53706, United States
171 Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg, Physikalisches Institute, Am
Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
172 Bergische Universität, Fachbereich C, Physik, Postfach 100127,
Gauss-Strasse 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
173 Yale University, Department of Physics, P.O. Box 208121, New Haven, CT
06520-8121, United States
174 Yerevan Physics Institute, Alikhanian Brothers Street 2, AM-375036
Yerevan, Armenia
175 ATLAS-Canada Tier-1 Data Centre 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T
2A3, Canada
176 GridKA Tier-1 FZK, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, Steinbuch Centre
for Computing (SCC), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-
Leopoldshafen, Germany
177 Port d'Informacio Cientifica (PIC), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (
UAB), Edifici D, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
178 Centre de Calcul CNRS/IN2P3, Domaine scientifique de la Doua, 27 bd du
11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
179 INFN-CNAF, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
180 Nordic Data Grid Facility, NORDUnet A/S, Kastruplundgade 22, 1, DK-2770
Kastrup, Denmark
181 SARA Reken- en Netwerkdiensten, Science Park 121, 1098 XG Amsterdam,
Netherlands
182 Academia Sinica Grid Computing, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica,
No.128, Sec. 2, Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Taiwan
183 UK-T1-RAL Tier-1, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology
Facilities Council, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX,
United Kingdom
184 RHIC and ATLAS Computing Facility, Physics Department, Building 510,
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States
18a Bogazici University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, TR-
80815 Bebek-Istanbul, Turkey
18b Dogus University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics,
34722 Kadikoy, Istanbul, Turkey
18c Gaziantep University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Physics
Engineering, 27310 Sehitkamil, Gaziantep, Turkey
18d Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department
of Physics, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
19a INFN Sezione di Bologna, Italy
19b Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Fisica, viale C. Berti Pichat, 6
/2, IT-40127 Bologna, Italy
20 University of Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn,
Germany
21 Boston University, Department of Physics, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston
, MA 02215, United States
22 Brandeis University, Department of Physics, MS057, 415 South Street,
Waltham, MA 02454, United States
23a Universidade Federal do Rio De Janeiro, COPPE/EE/IF, Caixa Postal 68528,
Ilha do Fundao, BR-21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
23b Universidade de Sao Paulo, Instituto de Fisica, R.do Matao Trav. R.187,
Sao Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
24 Brookhaven National Laboratory, Physics Department, Bldg. 510A, Upton, NY
11973, United States
25a National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-
Magurele, Str. Atomistilor 407, P.O. Box MG-6, R-077125, Romania
25b University Politehnica Bucharest, Rectorat - AN 001, 313 Splaiul
Independentei, sector 6, 060042 Bucuresti, Romania
25c West University in Timisoara, Bd. Vasile Parvan 4, Timisoara, Romania
26 Universidad de Buenos Aires, FCEyN, Dto. Fisica, Pab I - C. Universitaria
, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
27 University of Cambridge, Cavendish Laboratory, J.J. Thomson Avenue,
Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
28 Carleton University, Department of Physics, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa
ON K1S 5B6, Canada
29 CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
30 University of Chicago, Enrico Fermi Institute, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue,
Chicago, IL 60637, United States
31a Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Fisica,
Departamento de Fisica, Avda. Vicuna Mackenna 4860, San Joaquin, Santiago,
Chile
31b Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Departamento de Física,
Avda. Espãna 1680, Casilla 110-V, Valparaíso, Chile
32a Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box
918, 19 Yuquan Road, Shijing Shan District, CN - Beijing 100049, China
32b University of Science & Technology of China (USTC), Department of Modern
Physics, Hefei, CN - Anhui 230026, China
32c Nanjing University, Department of Physics, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing
210093, China
32d Shandong University, High Energy Physics Group, Jinan, CN - Shandong
250100, China
33 Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, Clermont Université, Université
Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, FR-63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
34 Columbia University, Nevis Laboratory, 136 So. Broadway, Irvington, NY
10533, United States
35 University of Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100
Kobenhavn 0, Denmark
36a INFN Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, Italy
36b Università della Calabria, Dipartimento di Fisica, IT-87036 Arcavacata
di Rende, Italy
37 Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science of the AGH-University of
Science and Technology (FPACS, AGH-UST), al. Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Cracow
, Poland
38 The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy
of Sciences, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
39 Southern Methodist University, Physics Department, 106 Fondren Science
Building, Dallas, TX 75275-0175, United States
3a Ankara University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, TR 061000
Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
3b Dumlupinar University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of
Physics, Kutahya, Turkey
3c Gazi University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics,
06500 Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey
3d TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences
, Division of Physics, 06560 Sogutozu, Ankara, Turkey
3e Turkish Atomic Energy Authority, 06530 Lodumlu, Ankara, Turkey
40 University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, TX
75080-3021, United States
41 DESY, Notkestr. 85, D-22603 Hamburg and Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen,
Germany
42 TU Dortmund, Experimentelle Physik IV, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
43 Technical University Dresden, Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik,
Zellescher Weg 19, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
44 Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, NC 27708, United States
45 University of Edinburgh, School of Physics & Astronomy, James Clerk
Maxwell Building, The Kings Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ,
United Kingdom
46 Fachhochschule Wiener Neustadt, Johannes Gutenbergstrasse 3, AT-2700
Wiener Neustadt, Austria
47 INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, via Enrico Fermi 40, IT-00044
Frascati, Italy
48 Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik
, Hermann-Herder Str. 3, D-79104 Freiburg i.Br., Germany
49 Université de Genève, Section de Physique, 24 rue Ernest Ansermet, CH-
1211 Geneve 4, Switzerland
50a INFN Sezione di Genova, Italy
50b Università di Genova, Dipartimento di Fisica, via Dodecaneso 33, IT-
16146 Genova, Italy
51 Institute of Physics of the Georgian Academy of Sciences, 6 Tamarashvili
St., GE-380077 Tbilisi; Tbilisi State University, HEP Institute, University
St. 9, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Georgia
52 Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, II Physikalisches Institut,
Heinrich-Buff Ring 16, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
53 University of Glasgow, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow G12
8QQ, United Kingdom
54 Georg-August-Universität, II. Physikalisches Institut, Friedrich-
Hund Platz 1, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
55 Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, CNRS/IN2P3,
Université Joseph Fourier, INPG, 53 avenue des Martyrs, FR-38026 Grenoble
Cedex, France
56 Hampton University, Department of Physics, Hampton, VA 23668, United
States
57 Harvard University, Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, 18
Hammond Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
58a Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg: Kirchhoff-Institut für
Physik, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
58b Physikalisches Institut, Philosophenweg 12, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
58c ZITI Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Lehrstuhl für Informatik V,
B6, 23-29, D-68131 Mannheim, Germany
59 Hiroshima University, Faculty of Science, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama,
Higashihiroshima-shi, JP - Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
60 Hiroshima Institute of Technology, Faculty of Applied Information Science
, 2-1-1 Miyake Saeki-ku, Hiroshima-shi, JP - Hiroshima 731-5193, Japan
61 Indiana University, Department of Physics, Swain Hall West 117,
Bloomington, IN 47405-7105, United States
62 Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020
Innsbruck, Austria
63 University of Iowa, 203 Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242-1479, United
States
64 Iowa State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ames High
Energy Physics Group, Ames, IA 50011-3160, United States
65 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, JINR Dubna, RU-141 980 Moscow
Region, Russia
66 KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba-shi,
Ibaraki-ken 305-0801, Japan
67 Kobe University, Graduate School of Science, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku,
JP - Kobe 657-8501, Japan
68 Kyoto University, Faculty of Science, Oiwake-cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyou-
ku, Kyoto-shi, JP - Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
69 Kyoto University of Education, 1 Fukakusa, Fujimori, fushimi-ku, Kyoto-
shi, JP - Kyoto 612-8522, Japan
70 Universidad Nacional de La Plata, FCE, Departamento de Física, IFLP (
CONICET-UNLP), C.C. 67, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
71 Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United
Kingdom
72a INFN Sezione di Lecce, Italy
72b Università del Salento, Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Arnesano, IT-73100
Lecce, Italy
73 University of Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Laboratory, P.O. Box 147, Oxford
Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
74 Jožef Stefan Institute and University of Ljubljana, Department of
Physics, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
75 Queen Mary University of London, Department of Physics, Mile End Road,
London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
76 Royal Holloway, University of London, Department of Physics, Egham Hill,
Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, United Kingdom
77 University College London, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Gower
Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
78 Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies, Université
Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6), Université Denis Diderot (Paris-7), CNRS/
IN2P3, Tour 33, 4 place Jussieu, FR-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
79 Lunds Universitet, Naturvetenskapliga Fakulteten, Fysiska Institutionen,
P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
80 Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de
Fisica Teorica, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
81 Universität Mainz, Institut für Physik, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099
Mainz, Germany
82 University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Manchester M13
9PL, United Kingdom
83 CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille, France
84 University of Massachusetts, Department of Physics, 710 North Pleasant
Street, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
85 McGill University, High Energy Physics Group, 3600 University Street,
Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
86 University of Melbourne, School of Physics, AU - Parkville, Victoria 3010
, Australia
87 The University of Michigan, Department of Physics, 2477 Randall
Laboratory, 500 East University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, United States
88 Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, High
Energy Physics Group, East Lansing, MI 48824-2320, United States
89a INFN Sezione di Milano, Italy
89b Università di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, via Celoria 16, IT-20133
Milano, Italy
90 B.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of
Belarus, Independence Avenue 68, Minsk 220072, Republic of Belarus
91 National Scientific & Educational Centre for Particle & High Energy
Physics, NC PHEP BSU, M. Bogdanovich St. 153, Minsk 220040, Republic of
Belarus
92 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Room 24-516
, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
93 University of Montreal, Group of Particle Physics, C.P. 6128, Succursale
Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada
94 P.N. Lebedev Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 53,
RU-117 924 Moscow, Russia
95 Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP), B.
Cheremushkinskaya ul. 25, RU-117 218 Moscow, Russia
96 Moscow Engineering & Physics Institute (MEPhI), Kashirskoe Shosse 31, RU-
115409 Moscow, Russia
97 Lomonosov Moscow State University Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics
(MSU SINP), 1(2), Leninskie gory, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russia
98 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Fakultät für Physik,
Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
99 Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Werner-Heisenberg-Institut, Fö
hringer Ring 6, 80805 München, Germany
Received 16 March 2010;
revised 22 March 2010;
accepted 22 March 2010.
Editor: W.-D. Schlatter.
Available online 27 March 2010.
Abstract
The first measurements from proton–proton collisions recorded with the
ATLAS detector at the LHC are presented. Data were collected in December
2009 using a minimum-bias trigger during collisions at a centre-of-mass
energy of 900 GeV. The charged-particle multiplicity, its dependence on
transverse momentum and pseudorapidity, and the relationship between mean
transverse momentum and charged-particle multiplicity are measured for
events with at least one charged particle in the kinematic range |η|<2.5
and pT>500 MeV. The measurements are compared to Monte Carlo models of
proton–proton collisions and to results from other experiments at the same
centre-of-mass energy. The charged-particle multiplicity per event and unit
of pseudorapidity at η=0 is measured to be 1.333±0.003(stat.)±0.040(syst.
), which is 5–15% higher than the Monte Carlo models predict.
Keywords: Charged-particle; Multiplicities; 900 GeV; ATLAS; LHC; Minimum
bias
Article Outline
1.
Introduction
2.
The ATLAS detector
3.
Monte Carlo simulation
4.
Event selection
5.
Background contribution
6.
Selection efficiency
Trigger efficiency
Vertex-reconstruction efficiency
Track-reconstruction efficiency
7.
Correction procedure
8.
Systematic uncertainties
Trigger
Vertex reconstruction
Track reconstruction and selection
Momentum scale and resolution
Fraction of secondaries
Correction procedure
9.
Results
10.
Conclusions
Open Access
Acknowledgements
References
Thumbnail image
Fig. 1.
Comparison between data (dots) and minimum-bias ATLAS MC09 simulation (
histograms) for the average number of Pixel hits (a) and SCT hits (b) per
track as a function of η, and the transverse (c) and longitudinal (d)
impact parameter distributions of the reconstructed tracks. The MC
distributions in (c) and (d) are normalised to the number of tracks in the
data. The inserts in the lower panels show the distributions in logarithmic
scale.
Thumbnail image
Fig. 2.
Trigger (a) and vertex-reconstruction (b) efficiencies as a function of the
variable View the MathML source defined in Section 4; track-reconstruction
efficiency as a function of pT (c) and of η (d). The vertical bars
represent the statistical uncertainty, while the shaded areas represent the
statistical and systematic uncertainties added in quadrature. The two bottom
panels were derived from the PYTHIA ATLAS MC09 sample.
Thumbnail image
Fig. 3.
Charged-particle multiplicities for events with nchgreater-or-equal,
slanted1 within the kinematic range pT>500 MeV and |η| < 2.5. The panels
show the charged-particle multiplicity as a function of pseudorapidity (a)
and of the transverse momentum (b), the charged-particle multiplicity (c),
and the average transverse momentum as a function of the number of charged
particles in the event (d). The dots represent the data and the curves the
predictions from different MC models. The vertical bars represent the
statistical uncertainties, while the shaded areas show statistical and
systematic uncertainties added in quadrature. The values of the ratio
histograms refer to the bin centroids.
Thumbnail image
Fig. 4.
The measured pT spectrum of charged-particle multiplicities. The ATLAS pp
data (black dots) are compared to the UA1 View the MathML source data (blue
open squares) and CMS NSD pp data (red triangles) at the same centre-of-mass
energy.
Table 1. Summary of systematic uncertainties on the number of events, Nev,
and on the charged-particle density (1/Nev)dot operator(dNch/dη) at η = 0.
The uncertainty on Nev is anti-correlated with dNch/dη. All other sources
are assumed to be uncorrelated. View table in article
star, open© CERN, for the benefit of the ATLAS Collaboration.
star, openstar, openDate submitted: 2010-03-16T16:00:52Z.
low asterisk a***************[email protected]
a Present address FermiLab, United States.
b Also at CPPM, Marseille, France.
c Also at TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 2A3, Canada.
d Also at Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science of the AGH-
University of Science and Technology (FPACS, AGH-UST), al. Mickiewicza 30,
PL-30059 Cracow, Poland.
e Also at Università di Napoli Parthenope, via A. Acton 38, IT-80133 Napoli
, Italy.
f Also at Institute of Particle Physics (IPP), Canada.
g Louisiana Tech University, 305 Wisteria Street, P.O. Box 3178, Ruston, LA
71272, United States.
h At Department of Physics, California State University, Fresno, 2345 E. San
Ramon Avenue, Fresno, CA 93740-8031, United States.
i Currently at Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori IUSS, V.le Lungo
Ticino Sforza 56, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
j Also at California Institute of Technology, Physics Department, Pasadena,
CA 91125, United States.
k Also at University of Montreal, Canada.
l Also at Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg,
Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
m Now at Chonnam National University, Chonnam 500-757, South Korea.
n Also at Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, RU-188 300 Gatchina, Russia.
o Also at School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan.
p Also at School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
q Also at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities
Council, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11, United Kingdom.
r Also at School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
s Also at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities
Council, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, United
Kingdom.
t University of South Carolina, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, 700 S. Main
St, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
u Also at KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest
, Hungary.
v Also at Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland.
w University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, United States.
x Transfer to LHCb 31.01.2010.
y Naruto University of Education, Takashima, JP - Tokushima 772, Japan.
z Also at Dept. of Physics, Nanjing University, China.
low asterisk Deceased.
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