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发帖数: 233 | 1 ==
The risk of cancer is increasing significantly nowadays, which is a serious
social and health problem threatening human being. Hence, numerous
scientists continuously endeavor on this imperative issue for conquering the
malignant disease and declining the cancer incidence. Due to over 60% of
currently used anticancer agents are derived from natural sources directly
or indirectly, the discovery and development of new effective and safe
cancer inhibitors from folk medicines still is important research subjects.
In recent decades a large quantity of natural products isolated from Chinese
natural medicines have been found to have remarkable bioactivities in the
inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, induction of apoptotic death,
lessening of metastasis, blockage of angiogenesis in the tumor tissues, and
enhancement of present chemo- and radio-therapies. All these remarkable
achievements not only afford indeed scientific reasons for utilizing Chinese
herbs to augment the conventional therapies but also provide various
important informatics for new drug design and development and new therapy
strategy to improve the quality of cancer treatment and prevention.
当今，癌症已经是一个严重的社会和健康问题，它的风险正在逐年显著增加，威胁着人
类。因此，攻克这种恶性疾病和降低癌症的发病率一直是许多科学家不断致力的迫切问
题。由于目前使用的抗癌药物有60%以上是直接或间接来源于天然产物，因此从民间药
物中发现和开发新的有效和安全的癌抑制剂曾经是，现在依然是重要的研究课题。近几
十年来，从中草药中分离出大量的天然产物（化合物），它们在抑制癌细胞增殖、诱导
凋亡死亡、减少癌细胞转移、阻塞肿瘤组织内血管生成、以及增强现有化疗和放射疗法
等方面都有显著的生物活性。这些成果不仅为利用中药来增强和改善现有疗法赋予科学
的理由，而且为新药的设计和开发提供了各种重要的信息，并可以为当前提高癌症治疗
和预防的质量提供了新的治疗思路。
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The overview of cancer inhibitors from Chinese natural medicines could
roughly be classified into five types: (1) inhibitors with powerful
cytotoxicity similar to those current chemotherapeutic agents but displaying
toxicity and side effect; (2) inhibitors that exert marked anticancer
effect but are lower than (1)-type inhibitors and have minor toxicity or
nontoxicity; (3) inhibitors with moderate effect on cancer cells and also
have immunoregulative and/or antioxidant properties, (4) inhibitors that are
weakly effective against cancer cells but are capable of stimulating the
functional immune system and antioxidative system; and (5) inhibitors that
normally do not directly affect cancer cells but remarkably enhance the
cytotoxicity of that functional immune factors from the host to attack the
cancer cells. Based on research results, the multiple types of the cancer
inhibitors are known often to involve in single herbs that play diverse
roles in cancer therapies. For the improvement of life-quality and life-
duration, different inhibitors-containing herbs, in many cases, are
effectively combined in the prescriptions of Chinese medicine by Doctors in
China to treat the cancer patients.
概述天然中草药中癌症抑制剂大致可分为五大类: (1) 具有强大细胞毒性的抑瘤剂，其
强度与目前的化疗药物相似，但也显示出同样的毒性和副作用; (2) 具有显著抗癌作用
的抑瘤剂，但其活性低于(1)型抑瘤剂，其毒性较小或副作用较小; (3) 对癌细胞有中
度影响的抑瘤剂，同时它们也具有免疫和/或抗氧化活性；(4) 对癌细胞有较弱作用的
抑瘤剂，但它们能够激发功能性免疫系统和抗氧化系统; (5) 通常不会直接影响癌细胞
的抑瘤剂，但它们可显著地增强宿主细胞中功能性免疫因子的细胞毒性，从而攻击癌细
胞。根据众多研究结果，可知单一草药中所含的多种类型的癌症抑制剂通常会在癌症治
疗中扮演不同的角色。在许多情况下，如果将不同有活性的草药在医生的中药处方中有
效地结合，用来治疗癌症患者， 可以提高他们的生活质量和延长寿命。
（这就是之所以国内有各类中草药处方用于癌症的辅助治疗，来增强当前常用癌症治疗
的效果，维护或恢复遭受破坏的免疫功能和造血机能，升白保髓，依此降低和消除化疗
和放疗所带来的严重副作用。一般来说，这种辅助性治疗可以缓解症状，提高患者生活
品质，续命 ~20%） |
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