u**l
发帖数: 1043 | 1 【 以下文字转载自 Medicine 讨论区 】
发信人: ural (bblp), 信区: Medicine
标 题: 请教糖原累计症（Glycogen Storage Disease) III型的饮食
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sat Mar 13 18:49:15 2010, 美东)
有个朋友的小孩很不幸得了这个病。长得比同龄的孩子小很多，小孩很想吃东西但是不
能吃的太多了。最近要回国，想给这个可怜的孩子带点吃的或者营养品，比如说维生素
啥的。但是似乎一般的儿童维生素都有glucose。吃的东西是代糖的就可以吧？多谢了
！ |
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w********6
发帖数: 12977 | 2 it is said to increase 90% of glycogen storage
performance? |
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f******x
发帖数: 98 | 3 看到一篇文章： http://runningtimes.com/Print.aspx?articleID=19425，貌似有些道理，不知道跑版上有没有人practice no glycogen running， 可以分享下经验?
According to the article: “Everyone knows carbohydrates deliver the juice
runners need to power through workouts and races. But emerging research
suggests that, at least for marathoners, runners' dependency on carbs is a
habit worth kicking: Break the carb addiction, and you might run faster,
farther.” |
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e*r
发帖数: 103 | 4 想问一下，RNA 提取试剂盒里的柱子能否去除glycogen |
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R*****s
发帖数: 41236 | 5 【 以下文字转载自 Tri 讨论区 】
发信人: Rodimus (变叔- 踏雪无痕), 信区: Tri
标 题: Low Carbo Training (zz)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed Jan 4 15:20:23 2012, 美东)
排版有点乱，最好点进link看:
http://team.firstendurance.com/page/low-carbo-training-1
For years, well intentioned coaches and exercise physiologists have given
endurance athletes very strong recommendations to ensure high carbohydrate
intake during training and racing to optimize performance. Some recent
experimental evidence and the actual practice of some very successful
athlet... 阅读全帖 |
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R*****s
发帖数: 41236 | 6 排版有点乱，最好点进link看:
http://team.firstendurance.com/page/low-carbo-training-1
For years, well intentioned coaches and exercise physiologists have given
endurance athletes very strong recommendations to ensure high carbohydrate
intake during training and racing to optimize performance. Some recent
experimental evidence and the actual practice of some very successful
athletes has many of us rethinking our previous advice especially in regard
to training. As a coach, I sometimes encourage my athletes... 阅读全帖 |
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r**o
发帖数: 212 | 7 FASEB J. 2012 Aug;26(8):3140-7. doi: 10.1096/fj.11-198515. Epub 2012 Apr 24.
MicroRNA-31 targets FIH-1 to positively regulate corneal epithelial glycogen
metabolism.
Peng H, Hamanaka RB, Katsnelson J, Hao LL, Yang W, Chandel NS, Lavker RM.
Corneal epithelium relies on abundant glycogen stores as its primary energy
source. MicroRNA-31 (miR-31), a corneal epithelial-preferred miRNA,
negatively regulates factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (FIH-1).
Since HIF-1α is involved in anaerobic ene... 阅读全帖 |
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h******2
发帖数: 1498 | 8 你没抽筋，应该不是电解质或者脱水的原因。就是糖原烧完了。
From Wiki: Glycogen depletion and endurance exercise
Long-distance athletes such as marathon runners, cross-country skiers, and
cyclists often experience glycogen depletion, where almost all of the
athlete's glycogen stores are depleted after long periods of exertion
without enough energy consumption. This phenomenon is referred to as "
hitting the wall". In marathon runners, it normally happens around the 20-
mile (32 km) point of a marathon, depending on the size o... 阅读全帖 |
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y***r
发帖数: 1845 | 9 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20351596
Training with low muscle glycogen enhances fat metabolism in well-trained
cyclists.
Hulston CJ, Venables MC, Mann CH, Martin C, Philp A, Baar K, Jeukendrup AE.
Source
School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham,
United Kingdom.
Abstract
PURPOSE:
To determine the effects of training with low muscle glycogen on exercise
performance, substrate metabolism, and skeletal muscle adaptation.
METHODS:
Fourteen well-trained cyclis... 阅读全帖 |
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w********6
发帖数: 12977 | 10 刚查到的 from Mayoclinic:
Carbohydrate-loading diet
By Mayo Clinic staff
Definition
A carbohydrate-loading diet, also called a carb-loading diet, is a strategy
to increase the amount of fuel stored in your muscles to improve athletic
performance. Carbohydrate loading generally involves greatly increasing the
amount of carbohydrates you eat several days before a high-intensity
endurance athletic event. You also typically scale back your activity level
during carbohydrate loading.
Purpose
Any physical... 阅读全帖 |
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f*******n
发帖数: 5241 | 11 http://www.netwellness.org/question.cfm/28515.htm
Question:
Hi, I`m a RD. Have a client that is in the starvation mode. Know your are
supposed to not change amount of calories consumed but help them to eat
differently. Not sure what this means. Not had a client like this in past.
Also, know it will take ~ 6 months for this client regain an appetite.
Client states not hungry. I`m out in an area with not a lot of access to
information. Hope you can help me to help them. God Bless
Answer:
Thank you... 阅读全帖 |
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j**f
发帖数: 7403 | 12 jj你平时这些文章都是怎么找来的呢？ 总看到你贴很好的文章。
可是我自己平时都不知道怎么找。呵呵。：）
http://www.netwellness.org/question.cfm/28515.htm
Question:
Hi, I`m a RD. Have a client that is in the starvation mode. Know your are
supposed to not change amount of calories consumed but help them to eat
differently. Not sure what this means. Not had a client like this in past.
Also, know it will take ~ 6 months for this client regain an appetite.
Client states not hungry. I`m out in an area with not a lot of access to
information. Hope you ... 阅读全帖 |
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j**f
发帖数: 7403 | 13 刚仔细读了，文章写的相当的好啊。 浅显易懂。 俺彻底明白了。
重点的一句：
6个月内，减重不要超过原体重10%。 6个月后，应该坚持几个月平台期，再考虑
新的减重计划。否则伤身体啊。：）
也就是说，对于大多数女生，半年内不能减肥超过10磅。俺没理解错吧。
再加上几个月的坚持平台期。也就是说，1年内，不能考虑减肥超过10磅。
看来俺5磅的目标还是比较现实的。就是不知道啥时候能达到。
http://www.netwellness.org/question.cfm/28515.htm
Question:
Hi, I`m a RD. Have a client that is in the starvation mode. Know your are
supposed to not change amount of calories consumed but help them to eat
differently. Not sure what this means. Not had a client like this in past.
Also, know it will take ~ ... 阅读全帖 |
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M**********e
发帖数: 4237 | 14 PLAYERS!
Competition is stiff!
Give yourself the edge
and
Help yourself to be the very best you can be!
What you put into your body does affect your energy level
Read the great advice and tips below.
With thanks to Health Consultant
Diana McKenzie, RN
Soccer is a fast paced, intense, competitive sport, and the demands on a
players’ body can be incredible. During a game, a player is in constant
motion
for 30-45 minutes at one time, depending on age and level of play, followed
by
a 10 minute break... 阅读全帖 |
|
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w****1
发帖数: 4931 | 16 I believe what you call "starvation mode" is simply that a person who is not
in terrific shape suffers a drop in
blood sugar after some physical activity. It has little to do with your body
actually running out of glycogen. It is
more likely simply because the body isn't efficient in using glycogen. Trust
me, if your body is ONLY burning
fat and not glycogen, you will feel MUCH worse than you experienced in your
"starvation mode" after merely
40 minutes of exercise. Just ask anyone who has run a |
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s*********n
发帖数: 2283 | 17 I see. I guess you question about the definition of starvation mode,
which depends on your total body glycogen level or temporally blood
glycogen level. And you argue that the true starvation mode is a very
serious body condition, in which your total body glycogen reserves is
low, instead of a temporary body starving.
I think this makes sense as well. But the key point here is, if you
exercise in the morning before food, it may be easier to slim your body
fat. Is this correct? Let's assume the |
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N****O
发帖数: 4202 | 18 两个小时以内都ok。
参见：http://sportsmedicine.about.com/cs/nutrition/a/aa081403.htm
Research has shown that eating 100-200 grams of carbohydrate within two
hours of endurance exercise is essential to building adequate glycogen
stores for continued training. Waiting longer than two hours to eat results
in 50 percent less glycogen stored in the muscle. The reason for this is
that carbohydrate consumption stimulates insulin production, which aids the
production of muscle glycogen. However, the effect of carb |
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g*****r
发帖数: 4444 | 19 See, I was right. ^_^.
you won't be able to keep running when you use up glycogen (this doesn't
apply to you now, because it's hard to believe your glycogen is used up at
6K). Also, run slow, instead of fast. When you run slow, you body will burn
more fat instead of glycogen and in this way you can run longer distance. |
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g********x
发帖数: 4671 | 20
这个是正解。
When you do Cardio, the body has 2 sources of energy to choose from.
Glycogen/glucose and/or FAT. When you do resistance training, the body
basically has 1 sources of energy to draw from... Glycogen/glucose.
If you do your cardio (not the warm up...but the extensive) before you do
resistance training and deplete the glucose before you even start
lifting...what happens? The body has to get more glucose...where? It can
make it from muscle!!!
If you do resistance training and then cardi... 阅读全帖 |
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T****a
发帖数: 4651 | 21 I'm no expert, but most runners probably know this first hand. If you deplete
your glycogen reserve in your muscle, you "hit wall" and cannot run anymore,
you can barely walk. Now fat can be covered to glycogen, but its rate is
not fast enough to sustain vigorous activities.
If all your fat is gone, protein (in your muscle) can also be converted into
glycogen which only occurs to those starved for weeks. So if you really
want to lose weight, not just fat, someone on this board had a suggestion ( |
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g*****r
发帖数: 4444 | 22 from AM:
"With the correct training, your muscles and liver adapt to store more
glycogen. Design your training so that toward the end of certain workouts, you run very low on glycogen, this provides a stimulus for your body to adapt by storing more glycogen in the future."
I haven't figured out what the "correct training" is yet. If anybody here knows, please share. ^_^ |
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D****y
发帖数: 462 | 23 Most likely you are runing your long runs too fast, resulting in higher hea
rt rate. Glycogen is the prime fuel for distance running. A faster pace bur
ns a higher percentage of glycogen versus fat. When your glycogen reserve i
s low, you feel tired and your legs are heavy. That being said the bottlene
ck is still the "heart and lung". If you can run a certain pace at a lower
heart rate, you will feel less tired. |
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l******l
发帖数: 2679 | 24 来自主题: Weightlifting版 - Chest Yes, indeed.
The exception is in the glycogen part. If you do split, glycogen depletion
shouldn't be a factor. If you train upper body, the glycogen stored in the
lower body muscles should not be affected much. But the neurological
system will be affected especially if the training is intense and to the
extent of muscle exhaustion.
One point is, for muscle growth, most likely the key is not how you train
as long as you focus on big compound movements, rather, it is in your
diet. You need to take |
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R*****s
发帖数: 41236 | 25 http://www.active.com/triathlon/Articles/The-Ideal-Heart-Rate-f
One question our coaches are frequently asked is, 揥hat is the ideal heart-
rate zone for the bike and and run portion of a full Ironman?nbsp; Even for
someone just hoping to finish an Iron distance event this is an important
question. Many people think the answer is high zone 2 or zone 3 but
training and/or racing at that level would be quite tough, even for an elite
athlete.
The Considerations
When training for an Ironman race mo... 阅读全帖 |
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b*******t
发帖数: 33714 | 26 ppt直接导出来的，格式有点乱，不过有耐心的话看看还挺有意思的。
==================================
Part 3: Arts and Methods of Kitchen Arts
TOPIC: MEAT
Cooking meat
Cooking meat is all about producing the right texture and flavours.
Texture concerns the structure of meat.
Flavours are all about chemistry –the Maillard reaction.
Components of muscle
Water: 75%
Protein: 18%
Fat: ~4-10%, varies among different types of meat
Carbohydrate: just over 1%
Vitamins, minerals, various organic compounds…
Sliding-filament model of muscle... 阅读全帖 |
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w****1
发帖数: 4931 | 27 If you have never hit the wall after running for more than 20 miles, you don
't know what it feels like when fat
is your only energy source. When you run for less than the marathon distance
, you use glycogen not fat. A
person that is in good shape but not trained for marathon will use up his
glycogen storage after running for
about 20 miles. After that he will not be able to sustain a reasonably fast
pace because he will be burning fat
directly. Nevertheless, if he is tough enough and well trai |
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w****1
发帖数: 4931 | 28 Once again, read my words before trying to argue against it. I never said
your body only starts to burn fat after 20 miles. I said it will only have
fat to burn after 20 miles. Before you run out of glycogen, it will mostly
be using glycogen, and only a tiny amount of energy will be coming from fat.
Exactly how you want to lose fat is your concern. I'm only concerned about
the performance in running, not how to lose weight.
I don't mean to sound pompous but we runners never worry about maintaini |
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g*****r
发帖数: 4444 | 29 that is right. but if you want to be able to run longer distance, it is
important to make your body burn higher percentage of fat. Fat utilization
as energy for running is slow, when glycogen is used up, you will slow down
and feel you don't have energy to keep up the pace.
Let's say you are going run 24 miles (I've never gone that far), and assume
with your body weight you need 2400 calories to finish this. Assume your
stored glycogen can provide 2000 calories. with slow speed and low heart
rat |
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f*******n
发帖数: 5241 | 30 还有，即便是锻炼的时候消耗的glycogen比较多，等到吃东西的时候还是要先补充
glycogen，主要是要看全天的整消耗，所以如果其他数据（锻炼时间，饮食）都一
样的话，跑快点还是减得快。 |
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B********y
发帖数: 1356 | 32 我来试试把概念讲清楚一点，有氧无氧的区别在于人体如何利用glycogen来产生能量，
把glycogen分解成glucose，和氧气反应提供能量的过程就是有氧；glucose在身体来不
及提供氧气的情况下反应产生能量的过程就是无氧过程。所以说没有高强度的有氧运动
一说，当运动强度提高，心率增加到一定程度，身体来不及给肌肉供氧的情况下，就进
入无氧过程了。
有氧运动的好处是能让人长时间的持续运动下去，不足的地方就是在一定时间内消耗能
量低；更不足的地方是不能显著提高身体的新陈代谢水平，不能提高锻炼后的耗氧率，
想减肥的同学们就必须吃得更少。
这就是为什么有人提出了HIIT这个理念，提倡把某段时间内的运动强度提高到身体能承
受的最大值，当然在这种强度下运动是不能长时间继续下去的，所以之后跟个缓和的
interval，让肌肉群恢复，以便进行下一个高强度的interval。这么做的结果就是整个
workout消耗的能量是身体能承受的最高值，人体的代谢水平也被调到最高处。说白了
就是一份汗水一份收获。慢悠悠的跑步半小时对身体的作用很有限，聊胜于无罢了。 |
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m******i
发帖数: 9479 | 33 正常情况下，又不是glycogen depleted的情况下，当然不合成glycogen了 |
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b***i
发帖数: 10018 | 34 因为人通常状态下肌肉里的glycogen只够跑20迈左右，
通过carb loading的过程可以增加肌肉里glycogen的储存量。
Western Australia Carb Loading不需要饿几天，也不需要连续吃几天高carb diet，
吃一天就够了。
+ |
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R*****s
发帖数: 41236 | 35 我somehow觉得主要是为了防止肌肉损失和帮助恢复。。。。
提高glycogen storage不是主要因素。。。
long-run是为了提高glycogen storage, 好比加大你汽车的油箱， 这样
你加一次油能跑得更远。。。而且long-run还有个好处就是提高你的
fat利用效率。。
补充碳水只是说你油跑没了， 需要及时加油， 不然会伤害你的引擎。。
这个动作并不能加大的你油箱。。。
storage |
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R*****s
发帖数: 41236 | 36 晕， 这个显然就是说的long-run啊， long-run长度足够长， 就会耗尽
你的糖原， 让你必须开始单纯燃烧脂肪来提供能量（脂肪的效率很低），
俗称撞墙。。。这个耗尽糖原的过程， 实际就是在撑大你的油箱。。
打个比方， 你越吃越多， 你的胃就会越来越大， 你以后就能吃的更多 ：D
跑完后补充碳水只是一个refill的过程而已。。最大的作用就是帮助恢复。。
you run very low on glycogen, this provides a stimulus for your body to
adapt by storing more glycogen in the future."
knows, please share. ^_^ |
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y******n
发帖数: 4527 | 37 No, I did not eat any gel because my gel order has not been shipped.
Otherwise I would not been that struggling at mile 20.
Good point is that I ran out of my glycogen and refilled with lot of rice.
Hopefully my glycogen storage was increased.
that |
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w****1
发帖数: 4931 | 38 I would bring gel on a pace run, but not for regular long runs (except
special situations such as when I catch a
cold). My reasoning is that, the slow long runs are SUPPOSED to deplete
your glycogen reserve and teach your
body to store more glycogen. For the pace runs, the intensity will be high
and taking gels can help minimizing
the wear on my muscles. |
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g*2
发帖数: 658 | 39 Overview of running injuries of the lower extremity
Author
Lisa R Callahan, MD Section Editor
Karl B Fields, MD Deputy Editor
Jonathan Grayzel, MD, FAAEM
All topics are updated as new evidence becomes available and our peer review
process is complete.
Literature review current through: Feb 2012. | This topic last updated: Oct
20, 2011.
INTRODUCTION — Running is one of the world’s most popular forms of
exercise, with millions of regular participants. In the United States alone,
up to 40 mil... 阅读全帖 |
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w***n
发帖数: 9040 | 40 The Big Book of Endurance Training and Racing
By Dr. Philip Maffetone
CHAPTER 8
THE OVERTRAINING SYNDROME
Overtraining is the most common problem that prevents endurance
athletes from reaching their potential. It’s also the most common cause of
injury and ill-health for millions of athletes. And overtraining is a
problem
that many athletes, coaches, and health-care professionals don’t recognize
until it becomes a more serious condition.
As a result, overtraining is not recognized soon enough to ... 阅读全帖 |
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m**t
发帖数: 1956 | 41 long run
很有争议的就是不跑20miler，16miler就够了。
首先，作者说，1）jack daniels说了，单个long run不能超过周里程的25%-30%；2）
传奇体育生理学家Tim Noakes说了，75%-85%VO2Max 跑2个小时以上，会导致greatest
glycogen depletion。别的研究人员也有同样的结论。过量的glycogen depletion导致
需要很长时间，72小时以上，的恢复。
如果按照25-30%算，周里程55的，最长16.5mile，70周历程的，21mile。所以对50-
60mpw的训练计划，Hansons认为16mile就够了。另外按照8分的pace跑16mile，要2小时
8分钟，从时间上也够了。
其次，Hansons的训练计划，也使得完成20miler比较困难。50多mpw(beginner)的计划
，在后期常有这样的训练：
星期天 16mile
星期1 5mile easy
2 3x2mi at mp-10s pace， 800m recovery, 1-2mi warmup&cooldown
3 off
4... 阅读全帖 |
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R*****s
发帖数: 41236 | 42 对这个long run还是不能理解，毕竟不管什么水平，大家最后面对的都是
同样的26.2迈，普通人其实难度更大，因为elite拼2小时就够了，普通人
至少要在高强度下跑3个小时...
Jack Daniels推荐的long run时间就是2-3小时，这个和AM的理念差不多，
就是让你能mental里对连跑3小时有心理准备，虽然没到比赛的强度. 而且
long run的一个主要目的就是glycogen depletion, 让你身体能存更多的
glycogen, 也能更efficiency, 简单说，就是让你油箱更大更省油．
long run过短，实际就失去了这个效果．
另外AM最难的不是long run, 而是long run里面带MP run, 这个更能模拟
全马后半程的难度. 没跑过马的人，对全马最后的6迈是完全不会有心理准备的.
Hansons的一个基本意思很对，平时多流汗，比赛少流泪. 但是感觉训练手段
并不如AM55/AM70更有效，强度更大. 砍掉long run可能是为了吸引很多
不太喜欢跑long run的人的手段而已....
greatest |
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o***n
发帖数: 416 | 43 大家知道，我一向对滥用MAF这个用法很反感。跑步有进步就说是MAF的功劳，没进展就
是时间不够长，非常误导人。听起来跟轮子的说法很像。
Phil Maffetone的大书里的poster boy Mark Allen原来就可以跑5分多的pace，只是成
天那样跑，一直没进展。后来加了aerobic的训练，效果好了很多，这个对搞三项的最
重要。因为骑车下来，身体里glycogen储备已经不多了，这时候aerobic的能力就非常
重要。但不要忘记他的pace本来就很快，肌肉已经非常强。如果肌肉不强的只练
aerobic，跑马到后来不会撞墙但非常可能要抽筋，剩再多glycogen也没用。我个人认
为像鸵鸟那样的跟AP效果不一定好，strength 和speed不够，所以到后来容易出状况。
搞三项的话应该还有效，但估计也没时间每周慢慢晃80迈了。
顺便提一下，在Mark Allen的网站也不提MAF(MAF其实就是Phil根据自己的名字拼凑出
来的）。Allen还是叫maximum aerobic heart rate，科学多了。他的定义是这样的:
1. Take 180
2. Subtrac... 阅读全帖 |
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b***m
发帖数: 2112 | 44 这篇文章讲跑步和免疫系统的关系，感觉不错：
http://www.runnersworld.com/race-training/running-and-your-immu
ben's note: 翻译完了突然感觉到周末连着两个高强度session对自己当前的水平是不
太妥，吐了:-(
这里试着翻译一下（欢迎纠错）：
人类的免疫系统非常复杂，很多相互关联的细胞参与到抵抗疾病和病毒感染中来。另外
，其他因素，比如心理压力和饮食习惯也会影响人体对病毒感染的抵抗能力。所以，很
难把跑步训练对免疫系统的影响和其它方面的影响区分开。
在某些方面，跑步和免疫力的相关性是得到很好证实的。第一，有足够的证据证明，对
于原本健康的跑者，长达一个小时左右的中等程度的跑量是增强其免疫系统的。第二，
越来越多的数据显示，高强度长时间的跑步运动能够短时间内降低人体内某些防护性细
胞的功能，从而增加病毒感染的风险。第三，有证据显示，除非人体有足够时间去适应
跑步训练，大幅提升训练量或训练的总体强度可能降低跑者的抵抗力。
多大的强度和多少跑量才能显著增加病毒感染的风险，这取决于跑者自身的免疫系统强
度。最有可能导致短... 阅读全帖 |
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M**********e
发帖数: 4237 | 45 米饭和面食都没有问题。
What to Eat:
Below are some essential nutrients which players need, as detailed by thefa.
com :
Simple carbohydrates: found in sweets, cakes, soft drinks, jam
Complex carbohydrates: found in rice, bread, pasta, potatoes, cereals, fruit
Saturated fats: found in butter, margarine, cheese, pasties
Unsaturated fats: found in sunflower oil, salmon, nuts
Protein: found in milk, chicken, eggs, fish, yogurt
Vitamins and minerals: found in fruit, vegetables, dairy products
Fiber: found in see... 阅读全帖 |
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h****8
发帖数: 599 | 46 The WeighTrainer
Carbohydrates, Insulin and the Glycemic Index
by Casey Butt
You'll remember from the What A Weight Trainer Needs To Know About Muscle
article that glycogen is the main component in the anaerobic glycolysis
mechanism of ATP production and ATP is what fuels intense muscular
contractions. Each set you do decreases the muscles' momentary ability to
produce ATP and the substrates (including glycogen) required to produce more
ATP, and time is then needed for stores of these substrates |
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